I Johann Gottfried Schadow

I. JOHANN GOTTFRIED SCHADOW (1764-185o), sculptor, was born in Berlin; the son of a poor tailor. He studied first under an inferior sculptor, Tassaert, and later in Rome. In 1788 he succeeded Tassaert as court sculptor and secretary to the Acad emy. His earlier work, including a portrait statue of Frederick playing the flute and the charming group of the crown-princess Louise and her sister, was notable for its directness and natural ness in an age of artificiality. For a long time Schadow stood out against the classicist movement, becoming engaged in a con troversy with Goethe on the subject; but the forces against him were too strong, and his Rostock monument to Bliicher, super vised by Goethe, represents the great field marshal in a lion's skin and toga after the affected manner of the day. He died in Berlin in 1850.

Two fine examples of his classical sculpture are the Quadriga on the Brandenburger Tor and the allegorical frieze on the facade of the Royal Mint in Berlin. Thirty church monuments and memorial works are enumerated. Besides the Blucher monument he executed

one of Frederick the Great at Stettin and that of Luther at Witten berg. His busts number over a hundred, and include 17 colossal heads in the Valhalla at Ratisbon. He also wrote treatises on the proportions of the human figure, on national physiognomy, etc.

II. His eldest

son RUDOLPH SCHADOW (1786-1822), sculptor, was born in Rome and at first studied with his father in Berlin. In 1810 he went to Rome and was befriended by Canova and Thorwaldsen. He showed great versatility, producing now a figure of Paris, now a girl spinning, and, after becoming a convert to Roman Catholicism, statues of John the Baptist and of the Virgin and Child. In England he executed bas-reliefs for the duke of Devonshire and the marquis of Lansdowne. For the king of Prussia he modelled a colossal group of "Achilles with the body of Penthesilea." He died in Rome in 1822.