His wife, CLARA SCHUMANN (1819-1896), extended her own reputation as a pianist beyond the borders of Germany, and it was thanks to her efforts that Schumann's compositions became generally known in Europe. From 1865 onward she was a regular visitor in London. In 1878 she was appointed teacher of the piano at the Hoch Conservatorium at Frankfurt, a post which she held until 1892, and in which she contributed greatly to the modern improvement in technique. As an artist she is remem bered, together with Joseph Joachim, as one of the first executants who really played like composers. She was herself the composer of a few songs and of some charming music, mainly for the piano, and the authoritative editor of her husband's works for Breitkopf and Hartel.
The following are the chief compositions of Robert Schumann.
Pianoforte Works.
Papillons (op. 2) ...... . . . 1829-31 Etudes symphoniques (op. 13) . . 1834 Carnaval (op. 9) ...... . 1834-35 Sonata in F sharp minor (op. II) . . . . . . 1835 Sonata in G minor (op. 22) . . . . . . . 1833-35 Kinderszenen (op. 15) . . . . . . . 1836 Fantasia in C (op. 17) . . . . . . . . 1836 Fantasiestiicke (op. 12) . . . ..... 1837 Kreisleriana (op. 16) . . . . . . . . 2838 Novelletten (op. 21) . . . . . . . . 1838 Faschingschwank aus Wien (op. 26) . . . . . 1839
Songs and Choral Works Songs:"Liederkreis" (Heine), nine songs (op. 24) "Myrthen," twenty-six songs (4 books) (op. 25). "Liederkreis" (Eichendorff), twelve songs (op. 39) . . "Frauenliebe und Leben" (Chamisso), eight songs (op. 42) 1840 "Dichterliebe," sixteen songs from Heine's Bach der Lieder (op. 48) "Belsatzar," ballad (Heine) (op. 57) Song, "TragOdie" (Heine) from op 64 1841 Ballad, "Der Handschuh" (Schiller) . . probably 1851 Songs from Wilhelm. Meister and Requiem. for Mignon for chorus (op. 98) BIBLIOGRAPHY.Wasielewski, Robert Schumann (1858 ; trans., 1878) ; A. Reissmann, Robert Schumann, sein Leben und seine Werke (1865; trans., 1886) ; J. A. Fuller Maitland, Schumann ("Great Musicians'' series) ; The Life of Robert Schumann told in his Letters (with a preface by J. G. Jansen), translated from the German by May Herbert (1902) ; Letters of R. Schumann, edited by Karl Storck (Eng. trans. by Hannah Bryant, 1907) ; V. Joss, Der Musikpadagoge Friedrich Wieck und seine Familie; Litzmann, Clara Schumann (1902) ; Moser's Joseph Joachim (trans., 1901 ; new ed., 1908) and the first volume of Kalbeck's Brahms (4 vols., 1904-14) contain much that is important as to Schumann's later years. See also Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians (1928).