When sufficient and suitable land is available and nuisance cannot be caused, the Royal Commission's Report suggests that the area of filtration may be half II- times the dry weather flow, but that the remainder must be treated on land at a rate of between 3,00o and 30,00o gallons per acre per 24 hours according to the character of the soil.
See G. B. Kershaw, Sewage Purification and Disposal; G. M. Flood, Sewage Treatment and Disposal; A. J. Martin, Activated Sludge Process; Report of Conference on Sanitary Engineering, 1924.
(G. S. Co.) SEWALL, SAMUEL (1652-173o), American jurist, was born at Bishopstoke, England, on March 28, 1652. He was taken to Newbury in New England in 1661; graduated at Harvard in 1671, receiving his master's degree three years later; studied div inity; and was resident fellow of Harvard in and keeper of the college library in 1674. He had apparently intended to enter the ministry, but his marriage to Judith Hull in 1678 caused him, like his father-in-law, to embark upon a mercantile and pub lic career. In 1683 he was deputy to the general court for West field; from 1681 to 1684 he managed the only licensed printing press in Boston; and in 1688 he went to England on business con nected with land titles. He was a member of the New England Council in 1692-1725, and in 1692 he was made one of the special commissioners to try persons accused of witchcraft in Suffolk, Essex, and Middlesex counties (Mass.). This court condemned 19.
Sewall in Jan. 1697 stood in meeting while a bill was read in which he took "the blame and shame" of the "guilt contracted upon the opening of the late commission of oyer and terminer at Salem," and asked pardon ; and till the end of his life he an nually set apart a day of fasting, meditation and prayer in token of his offence. Later he was judge of probate for Suffolk county and a judge of the superior court, being its chief justice in 1718 28. He died in Boston, Jan. 1, 1730. Of his works the one which appeals most to modern readers, however, is his naïve and delight ful diary. The unconscious humour of such parts as the courting, the intimate revelation of a man of distinguished ability and sterling character, and the minutely detailed record of the polit ical, civic and social life of the time make it one of the most valuable and interesting documents left from colonial days.
The diary, like the letter-book of Sewall, was published by the Massachusetts Historical Society in its Collections. Selections from it have been edited by Mark Van Doren (1927). See also G. E. Ellis, An Address on the Life and Character of Chief Justice Samuel Sewall (1885) ; N. H. Chamberlain, Samuel Sewall and The World He Lived In (1885) ; and articles in J. L. Sibley's Biographical Sketches of Graduates of Harvard University, vol. ii. p. 0880 and by C. H. C. Howard in Essex Institute Historical Collec tions, vol. xxxvii. (Igoi).