Spurn Head

SPURN HEAD, foreland of the North Sea coast of York shire, England, projecting across the mouth of the Humber. From Kilnsea it is 4 m. long but seldom exceeds 30o yd. wide. Formed of sand and shingle from the rapidly denuding Holderness coast to the north, it is only a few feet above sea-level.

SPY,

a commune near Namur, Belgium. Here in i886, in Betche aux Roches cavern, Maximin Lohest and Marcel de Puydt found two nearly perfect skeletons (man and woman) at the depth of 16 ft., with numerous implements of the early Aurigna eian period. All the human remains are now in the Lohest Collec tion, Liege. The skulls are of the Neanderthal type.

See L'Homme contemporain du mammouth a Spy (Namur, 1887) ; G. de Mortillet, Le Prehistorique (pgoo); Sir A. Keith, Antiquity of Man, znd ed. (1925).

SPY.

By The Hague Convention IV., 1907, a spy is a person who acting clandestinely or on false pretences obtains or en deavours to obtain information in the zone of operations of a belligerent, with the intention of communicating it to the hostile party (art. 29). If captured he is liable to be shot. A soldier

not wearing a disguise is not a spy, though he may be found within the zone of the hostile army and though his object may be to obtain information; nor are soldiers or civilians spies who cross enemy lines openly carrying messages. This applies even to per sons sent in balloons for the purpose of carrying despatches. A spy must not be "punished" without previous trial (art. 3o), nor can he be treated as a spy if he is captured after he has rejoined his army. He must then be treated as an ordinary prisoner of war (art. 31).

The term "spy" is applied also to those who in time of peace secretly endeavour to obtain information concerning the forces, armaments, fortifications or defences of a country for the pur pose of supplying it to another country.