TITCHENER, EDWARD BRADFORD , Anglo-American psychologist, was born on Jan. 11, 1867, in Chichester, England, possibly a descendant of John Tychenor (1532) of Chichester. For four years he attended Malvern college in Worcestershire, and then at the age of 18 (1885) he became a member of Brasenose college at Oxford. Here for four years more he was senior scholar in classics and philosophy and senior Hulmean exhibitioner. In his fifth year at Oxford he was a research student in physiology under Burdon-Sanderson, to whom he later acknowledged an intellectual debt. At this time physiological psychology as a laboratory science was just becoming established in Germany and America, and Titchener, trained in philosophy and physiology, turned to the new science and went to Wundt (q.v.), the "founder" of experimental psy chology, at Leipzig, where was the first and the leading psycho logical laboratory. Here he received his Ph.D. degree in 1892. Then, with the Wundtian impress upon him, in the days when psychological laboratories were still rare, he accepted the post in the laboratory at Cornell university, Ithaca (N.Y.), where he remained until his death 35 years later. His chief work is the Experimental Psychology, the most thorough and extensive en cyclopaedic handbook of experimental psychology that has been written in English. The first two volumes, covering qualitative psychology, appeared in 1901; the third and fourth volumes, treating of quantitative psychology or psychophysics, were pub lished in 1905.
In America, Titchener always represented the Wundtian tra ditions; he never became part of the American trend in psy chology, a trend that emphasizes individual differences among persons and the application of psychology to human welfare. Titchener stood for the "pure" scientific psychology of the gen eralized, normal, adult mind. In the early days he thus became the exponent of the school of structural psychology which op posed functional psychology; in later times he represented the opposition to behaviourism and to the psychology of mental tests. His systematic contributions to theoretical psychology are to be found in his Lectures on the Elementary Psychology of Feeling and Attention (1908), Lectures on the Experimental Psychology of the Thought-Processes (1909), Text-book of Psychology (1910) and, to a less extent, in his Beginner's Psy chology (1915). He died in Ithaca (N.Y.), Aug. 3, 1927.
See the biographical sketches, under the title "Edward Bradford Titchener," by H. C. Warren, in Science, vol. lxvi. (1927), and by E. G. Boring in The American Journal of Psychology, vol. xxxviii. (1927) ; also "Titchener at Leipzig," by Frank Angell, in The Journal of General Psychology, vol. i. (1928). (E. G. BoR.)