Trade Organization
Trade Organization. The Province Of This Article Is Defined By The Limits Of "trade" In The Strict Sense Of Exchange Of Commodities On A Commercial Scale And Excludes The Organiza Tion Of Production As Well As That Of The More Special Developments Or Concomitants Of Commerce Such As Banking, Insurance ...
Trade Organization In The
Trade Organization In The United States A. Commercial Associations.—trade Organization In Amer Ica Naturally Commenced On The Lines Of The British System And Its Independent Development Since Has Not Fundamentally De Parted From Those Lines. The Oldest American Commercial Or Ganization Is The New York Chamber Of Commerce Which, As ...
Trade Routes
Trade Routes. In Mediaeval English The Word "trade" Meant A Path ; It Was Connected With The Word "tread." Exchange, Which Is Now Of The Essence Of Trade, Was Not At First Implicit In The Word, But Rather The Idea Of Movement To And Fro. In A Sense Trade Routes ...
Trade Unions
Trade Unions. Efforts Have Been Made To Trace The Lineal Descent Of The Trade Union Movement Of The 19th And Loth Centuries From The Gilds Of The Middle Ages. But Trade Unionism As We Know It, Was The Creation Of Modern Industrial Conditions. It Owes Its Birth To The Capitalist ...
Trade World Statistics 1
Trade: World Statistics. 1. The 16th, 17th And 18th Centuries.—the Sea Is The Great Highway Of International Commerce And It Was The Discovery Of The Cape Of Good Hope Route To The East Indies And The Discovery Of America At The End Of The 15th Century Which Opened The World ...
Trafalgar
Trafalgar (trah-fal-gahr'; Popularly Tra-fatgar), The Battle Of. The British Naval Victory Over The French And Spanish Fleets Off Cape Trafalgar, On Oct. 21, 18o5, Was A Sequel To The Breakdown Of Napoleon's Scheme For Invading Eng Land, And An Account Of The Movements Leading Up To It, Known As The ...
Traffic And Traffic Regulations
Traffic And Traffic Regulations. Through Out The Civilized World The Countryman Is Being Irresistibly Drawn Towards The Great Cities, Which Spread Outwards, Ring By Ring, Over The Open Fields, While The Ancient Core Of The City On Which Millions Of Workers Now Converge Retains The Shape Imprinted On It In ...
Training Camps
Training Camps. A Movement For The Military Train Ing Of Youth In The United States Through The Means Of Summer Camps Conducted Under The Supervision Of Regular Army Officers Was Inaugurated By Maj.-gen. Leonard Wood In The Summer Of 1913. Two Camps, At Gettysburg, Pa., And At Monterey, Calif., Were ...
Trajan Marcus Ulpius Traianus
Trajan (marcus Ulpius Traianus) (a.d. 53-117), Ro Man Emperor, Was Born At Italica, In Spain, On Sept. 18, 53. The Family To Which He Belonged Was Probably Italian By Blood. His Father Began As A Common Legionary Soldier, And Fought His Way Up To The Consulship And The Governorship Of ...
Tramway
Tramway. A Track Or Line Of Rails Laid Down In The Public Roads Or Streets (hence The United States Equivalent "street Rail Way") Along Which Wheeled Vehicles Are Run For The Conveyance Of Passengers And, Occasionally, Of Goods; Also A Light Roughly-laid Railway Used In Coal Mining And For Carrying ...
Tramway Cars
Tramway Cars The Car Operated On The Pioneer Lines In New York In 1832 Was Fashioned After The "voiture Omnibus" Of Paris, A Vehicle Designed By An English Coachbuilder, George Shillibeer. The Body Had Three Compartments And Was Supported On Leather Springs. The Four Iron Wheels, All Of The Same ...
Tramways And Other Forms
Tramways And Other Forms Of Transport Since The Advent Of Electric Tramways—and Especially During The Past Two Decades—other Forms Of Road Transport, Namely, Trackless Trolley Buses, Petrol (gasolene) Motor Omnibuses, And Light Railways, Also The Electrification Of Suburban Railways, Have Been Developed To Provide Increased Travelling Facilities For The Ever-growing ...
Trance
Trance, A Term Used Very Loosely In Popular Speech To Denote Any Kind Of Sleeplike State That Seems To Present Obvious Differences From Normal Sleep; In Medical And Scientific Literature The Meaning Is But Little Better Defined. In Its Original Usage The Word No Doubt Implied That The Soul Of ...
Tranent
Tranent, Police Burgh Of East Lothian, Scotland. Pop. 4,526. It Lies 91 M. E. Of Edinburgh By Road And I M. S.e. Of Prestonpans Station On The L.n.e. Railway. The Town Possesses The Oldest Coal-mining Charter (1202-18) In Great Brit Ain, And The Mines In The Neighbourhood Provide The Staple ...
Trani
Trani, A Seaport And Episcopal See Of Apulia, Italy, On The Adriatic, In The Province Of Bari, And 26 M. By Rail W.n.w. Of That Town, 23 Ft. Above Sea-level. Pop. (1931), 30,551. The Cathedral (dedicated To St. Nicholas The Pilgrim, A Greek Who Died In 1094 And Was Canonized ...
Trans Jordan
Trans-jordan, A Territory Under British Mandate, Bounded West By Palestine, North By Syria, East By Najd And 'iraq, And South By Hejaz, Whose North District (`aqaba-ma'an) Has, Since Its Occupation By British Forces In 1925, Been De Facto In Cluded In The Mandated Area. The Jordan, Dead Sea And Wadi ...
Transcaucasia
Transcaucasia, A General Name Given, Before The Rus Sian Revolution Of 1917, To The Governments And Provinces Of Russian Caucasia, Excluding The Steppe Provinces Of Kuban And Terek And The Steppe Government Of Stavropol. It Thus Included The Governments Of Baku, Elisavetpol, Erivan, Kutais And Tiflis; The Provinces Of Batum, ...
Transcendentalism
Transcendentalism Is An Expression Introduced By Kant For "the Idea Of A Science For Which The Critique Of Pure Reason Is To Outline The Whole Plan Architectonically, I.e., Accord Ing To Principles, With Full Guarantee Of The Completeness And Se Curity Of All The Pieces Composing This Structure." In This ...
Transept
Transept, In Architecture, A Transverse Section Or Portion Of A Hall Or Building, Of Considerable Relative Size, Its Main Dimension Being At Right Angles To The Long Dimension Of The Building Or Hall Proper, Thus Developing A Plan Of Either Cruci Form Or T Shape, Especially In Ecclesiastical Architecture, The ...
Transfer Of Stocks And
Transfer Of Stocks And Shares Great Britain.—stocks And Shares Define The Extent Of An In Vestor's Holding Either In A Loan To A Company, Municipality Or A Government, Or In The Capital Of A Company. The Transfer Of Stocks And Shares Is Concerned With The Formalities That Have To Be ...
Transformer
Transformer, An Apparatus For Changing Electrical Energy From A Given Pressure Into A Higher Or Lower Pressure. It Is Stationary, With No Moving Or Rotating Parts, And Is Operative Only With Alternating Currents. It Plays Such An Important Part In The Transmission And Distribution Of Electricity That The Present Extensive ...
Transit Circle Or Meridian
Transit Circle Or Meridian Circle, A Tele Scope For Measuring The Time When A Star Passes Across The Meridian And At The Same Time Measuring Its Altitude. These Two Measurements Determine Respectively The Right Ascension And Declination, And Hence The Place Of The Star On The Celestial Sphere. Because Of ...
Transmutation Of The Elements
Transmutation Of The Elements. The Transmutation Of One Metallic Element Into Another Was One Of The Chief Objects Of The Earliest Chemists, Or Alchemists, While To-day, Under The Influence Of Modern Views On The Constitution Of Matter, Transmutation Has Again Been Attempted In Various Ways. Between The Ancient And The ...
Transport By Air
Transport By Air. Aircraft Were First Used On Regu Larly Scheduled Routes In Germany Where For Four Years Prior To The World War Zeppelin Airships Carried Passengers Between The Larger Cities. Immediately After The War British Aeroplanes Were Employed In A Passenger Service Between London And Paris. Soon All Other ...
Transport By Water
Transport By Water This Usually Requires Less Effort Than Transport By Land, And Is Often More Highly Developed Among Primitive Peoples. The Earliest Type Of Boat Is The Raft, Made Of Grass, Logs Of Wood, Bundles Of Reeds Or Other Light Materials Tied Together, On Which Man Can Float. Such ...
Transubstantiation
Transubstantiation, The Term Adopted By The Ro Man Catholic Church To Express Her Teaching On The Subject Of The Conversion Of The Bread And Wine Into The Body And Blood Of Christ In The Eucharist. Its Signification Was Authoritatively De Fined By The Council Of Trent In The Following Words ...
Transvaal
Transvaal, An Inland Province Of The Union Of South Africa Between The Vaal And Limpopo Rivers. It Lies, Roughly, Between 222 ° And 271° S. And 25° And 32° E., And Is Bounded On The South By The Orange Free State And Natal, On The West By The Cape Province ...
Transylvania
Transylvania, A Former Principality (grossfiirsten Tum) Occupying, Until 1918, The Extreme Eastern Portion Of The Kingdom Of Hungary, But Then Added To Rumania, Since When The Rumanian Name Ardeal Has Become The Official One. It Has An Area Of 22,312 Sq.m. And A Population Of 3,217,149. Transylvania Has The Form ...
Transylvanian Mountains
Transylvanian Mountains. This Is An Inclusive Name For The Mountainous Region Which Abuts Against The South Eastern End Of The Carpathian Range South Of The Jablonica Pass. In The East They Form A Continuation Of This Range But Across The Rest Of The Tract The Mountains Are Arranged In Scattered ...
Trap
Trap, A Mechanical Device For Snaring Or Catching Any Thing, And Especially Wild Animals. The Term Trap Is Also Used To Designate A Wooden Instrument, Shaped Something Like A Shoe, Used In Playing Trap-ball; A Machine Used For Throwing Clay Pigeons Or Balls Into The Air ; A Bent Or ...
Trap Shooting
Trap-shooting, Shooting At Live Or Clay Birds Released From Traps. In Great Britain Shooting At Live Birds Prevails, But Is Widely Condemned. In The United States The Sport Is Almost Wholly Confined To Shooting Artificial Birds. Trap-shooting Began In America In 1825. Cincinnati, 0., Is The Recognized Home Of Organized ...
Trappists
Trappists, Cistercian Monks Of The Reform Instituted By Armand J. Le B. De Rance (q.v.), Abbot Of La Trappe, 1664. La Trappe Was A Cistercian Abbey Near Soligny, In The Diocese Of Sees, In Normandy, Founded 1140. It Suffered Grievously From The English Wars And From Commendatory Abbots. Armand Jean ...
Travancore
Travancore, A State Of Southern India. Area, 7,625 Sq.m. In 1931 The Population Was 5,095,973. The State Stands Seventeenth Among The Native States Of India In Area And Third In Population. Travancore Extends More Than 150 M. Along The West Coast As Far As Cape Comorin, The Southernmost Point Of ...
Traverse City
Traverse City, The County-seat Of Grand Traverse County, Michigan, U.s.a., On Grand Traverse Bay (lake Michi Gan), 150 M. N. Of Grand Rapids, At The Mouth Of The Board Man River, Which Widens Here Into A Lake. It Is On Federal High Ways 31 And 131, And Is Served By ...
Treason
Treason, A General Term For The Crime Of Attacking The Safety Of A Sovereign State Or Its Head. The Law Which Punishes Treason Is A Necessary Consequence Of The Idea Of A State, And Is Essential To The Existence Of The State. Most, If Not All, Nations Have Accordingly, At ...
Treasure Trove
Treasure Trove, The Legal Expression For Coin, Bullion, Gold Or Silver Articles, Found Hidden In The Earth, For Which No Owner Can Be Discovered. (see Coroner.) As Feudalism Spread Over Europe And The Prince Was Looked On As The Ultimate Owner Of All Lands, His Right To The Treasure Trove ...