The spaces between the triglyphs are called metopes, and are usually filled up with sculptures in bas-relief, from which circumstance the frieze was called by the Greeks zoophorus, because it contained representations of living figures, men or animals. These metopes are usually of a square form, their breadth being equal to the height of the frieze, but there is a slight variation in different examples. In the Doric portico at Athens, the breadth of the metope is 3' 3" and W 3".6, while the height is 3' 0". 7, including the band or capital over it ; or without the band, 2' 9" . 05 ; in the temple of Minerva at Athens, the height of the metope, without the band, is 3' 11" . 15, and its breadth 4' 3" . 35 : in the Pro pylrea, the breadth is 3' S" .25, and the height 3' 9" . 85, including the band and the bend over it ; and in the Theseum, the breadth is 2' 6" .475, and the height 2' 5", without the band. Each metope is surmounted with a band, or capital, similar to that of the triglyph, though not'of equal width or projection.
The entablature belonging to the monument of Thrasyllus is an exception to the general rule, the frieze being without the characteristic addition of triglyphs, their place being filled up with wreaths ; the guttre, however, are retained, but instead of being disposed at intervals, they are continued un interruptedly beneath the fillet.
The Doric cornice consists of few but bold parts, the most characteristic of which are the mutules. These are a series of shallow plates attached to the soffit of the corolla, sloping forward, so that the bottom of the mutule in front is considerably lower than at the back, and having their soffits studded with cylindrical or conical guttm ; these guttm were eighteen in number, and placed in three rows of six each. A mutule was placed over each triglyph, and an inter mediate one over each mutule ; their width being equal to that of the triglyphs. Under the mutules was generally a plain band, but sometimes an ogee is found in this place. The corona is a boldly-projecting flat moulding, of somewhat greater depth than the abacus of the capital, and is generally finished off above with a small ovolo and fillet supporting the eymatium, which consists of two similar mouldings, but of more imposing dimensions. In raking cornices the mutules are omitted, but a new moulding, termed the epitithedas, is added as a finish, which is either an ovolo or cymatium.
When used, the epitithedas was continued a little way at the angles, and terminated against a carved block. The pedi ment in this order is of a low pitch, and always about the same height, whatever the span may be; upon an average the height equals that of the entablature, more or less, but is scarcely ever so great as to make the tympanum higher than the entablature.
IIaving completed this general description of the order, it may be as well to say a few words about the proportions observed in the different parts.
The height of the column varies from four times the lower diameter, as in the earliest existing example at Corinth, to 01 times, as at the portico of Philip, but in the purest examples the height is about 51 times the lower diameter, the upper diameter being .k less than the lower. The entab
lature varies from 1-1 to 2 diameters in height, of which I go to the epistylinm, s to the frieze, and the remainder to the cornice.
To afford more detailed information, we give the following proportions from the temple at Sunium, and the accompany ing table, as prepared by Mr. Brown.
"The proportions of the temple at Sunium are thus ordered : make the column 0 diameters high, and the entab lature of of the column, or divide the whole height into 13 parts, of which give 10 to the column, and 3 to the entabla ture. The upper diameter of the column is I of the lower. The capital -1 a diameter, which, being divided into 5 parts, 2 are to be given to the abacus, 2 to the ovolo and annulets, and 1 to the necking. The length of the abacus 1 R diameter. The entablature is to be divided into S parts, giving 3 to the architrave, 3 to the frieze, and 2 to the cornice. In dividing the cornice, take .1 for the cymatium, fillet, and moulding, 3- for the corona alone, and leave 7 for that part of the fascia which appears below a horizontal line drawn from the lower front edge of the corona. The whole projec, tion of the cornice is 1 diameter, reckoning from the centre of the column. The capital of the triglyph to be t of the whole height of the frieze. The capital or fillet of the archi trave to be :1 of the height of the architrave. The architrave to overhang the upper part of the shaft by 1 the difference between that and the lower diameter. In distributing the triglyphs, take 11 diameter, or 75 minutes for the width of the triglyph and metope, and of this give -1 to the former, and a to the latter, or nearly 2S and 47 minutes. Thus a monotriglyph intercolumniation will be 75+75 60=-90 minutes, or 11 diameter." In comparing the above with the table on the next page, in which the dates arc given, it will be readily observable with what regularity the proportionate height of the columns increased from the earliest example at Corinth to the latest, the Agora at Athens : the last, however, forming somewhat of an exception to the rule, the height being less in this case than in the two previous examples, viz ; those of the temple of Jupiter Nemmus, and of the Portico of Philip of Macedon. The diminution of the shaft will be seen to average about 15 minutes, the upper diameter ranging from 491- in the portico of Philip, a late example, to 351 in the temple at Selinus, one of the earlier buildings ; thus affording additional proof of the comparative lightness of the later structures. We have to call attention likewi,e to the general equality in height between the architrave and frieze, noticing at the same time one or two exceptions in which there is a considerable variation, especially in that at Agrigentum ; the height of the architrave of the upper colonnade in the temple of Neptune is remarkable, as is also that of the frieze and cornice at Egesta.