H 8—This is a Carboniferous shale used by the Wabash Clay Co., of Ved ersburg, Ind., in the manufacture of paving blocks. The material hereto fore used is a mixture from two banks, one located one mile north and the other one and one half miles south of the plant. As the use of material from the north bank is soon to be discontinued, the material tested and the section given below are from the south bank alone.
Feet 1. Surface deposits 4 2. Rotten yellow sandstone 12 3. Shale varying from hard to soft, and in color from very light to black 24 4. Fine grained dark shale 10 5. Coal 1-136 This shale, used by the Poston Paving Brick Co., at Crawfordsville, Ind., for the manufacture of pavers, belongs to the Knobstone formation of the Lower Carboniferous or Mississippian series. The material has but little plasticity, but when burned makes blocks of excellent quality.
The.section is as follows: Feet 1. Surface deposit, gravel and clay 14 2. Shale, very constant in quality, except that the lower 12 feet are harder than the rest. (This shale contains more or less nodules which are separated before the clay is used) 35 1. Soil and joint clay 5 2. Sandy shale 3 K 11—The Terre Haute Vitrified Brick Co., of Terre Haute, Ind., uses this shale in the manufacture of paving and building brick of excellent quality. This material comes from the Coal Measures immediately above "Coal 7." The section of the bank follows: Feet 3. Light gray shale with bands of limestone and ironstone nodules 12 4. Dark shale with hard oolitic nodules 14 5 Coal, No. 7 -5 6. Fire clay The margin of vitrifaction is narrow.
K 11—The Indiana Paving Brick and Block Co., of Brazil, Ind., uses this material in the manufacture of paving block.
The section at the plant is as follows: Feet 1. Buff colored clay 8 2. Grey and yellow clay 4 3. Stoneware clay 9 4. Shale with cubic cleavage containing harder layers and kidney-shaped cretions 24 5. Coal 1% 6. Fire clay K 12—This is a fire clay coming from below the coal in the section above.
K 13—The Clinton Paving Brick Co., of Clinton, Ind., uses this material in the manufacture of paving blocks. It lies just below the upper Clinton coal.
The section at the bank follows: Feet 1. Fire clay 3 2. Sandstone 1 3. Dark blue or gray shale with nodules of pyrites, large above and smaller below 30 4. Shale with thin layers of limestone 6 5. Fine, fat, massive, black shale 22 6. Hard black shale 2 7. Coal 1% 8. Fire clay 2 R 1—This impure fire clay, obtained by mining just below their coal No. 5, is used by The Nelsonville Brick Co., Nelsonville, Ohio, in the manufacture of paving block and some building brick. Their annual output is about 25,000,000 blocks.
R 2—This is a shale from an outcrop of the Subcarboniferous near Ports mouth, Ohio, and is used by the Portsmouth Paving Brick Co., in the manu facture of their Hallwood Block.
R 3 and 4—Tbese are shales obtained from near the base of the Coal Measures at Canton, Ohio, and used by the Metropolitan and Cleveland and Canton Paving Brick Companies in the manufacture of paving blocks, with an output of about 500,000 per day.
S 1—These Coal Measure shales are used by the Moberly Brick, Tile and Earthenware Co., in the manufacture of building brick and paving blocks, at Moberly, Mo. Section of bank: Feet 1. Soil 2 7. Loess 10 3. Dark, thin layered shaly sandstone 20 4. Fine grained bluish gray shale with sandy layers 30 5. Mixture 1-5 dark, 4-5 blue shale S 2—These are Coal Measure shales used by the Kansas City Hydraulic Pressed Brick Co., at Diamond, Mo., eight miles from Kansas City. This clay is mined and consists of a layer 20 feet in thickness of which the upper 4 feet is quite sandy while the lower 16 feet is a fine grained, grayish blue shale. The two grades are used in the proportions indicated: i. e. 1 to 4.
L 2—This material is used by the Lawrence Vitrified Brick and Tile Co., of Lawrence, Kane., in the manufacture of both building brick and pavers. Section of bank: Feet 1. Red quartz sand i Shale, yellow above, blue below 20 3. Mixture 11-12 shale, 1-12 sand 13 2—The Atchison Paving Brick Co., of Atchison, Kans., uses this material in the manufacture of building and paving brick.
Section of bank: Feet 1. Limestone 4 2. Yellow shale 14 3. Soft sandstone 5 4. Sandy shale (50 per cent sand) 16 6. Blue shale 11 For pavers Nos. 4 and 5 are mixed in such proportions as to make sand and shale. They also try to combine Nos. 2, 3 and 5 so as to give the same mixture.
G 2—This shale is used by the Coffeyville Brick and Tile Co., Coffeyville, Kans., in the manufacture of paving blocks exclusively.
Section of bank: Feet 1. Stripping. gravel, clay and limestone 10 2. Shale, very uniform 90 I 2-This material is used by the Caney Vitrified Brick Co., of Caney, Kans., in the manufacture of building brick and such pavers as may be needed for local consumption. The surface of the shale where it is weathered is yellow in color but becomes blue with depth. The thickness of the deposit has never been ascertained. It is covered with a thin layer of soil which is stripped.
H 2—This shale is used by the Capital City Vitrified Brick and Paving Co., in the manufacture of pavers, near Topeka, Kans.
Section of bank: 1. Surface soil 3 2. Limestone 1 3. Yellow clay 1 4. Coal 5. Yellow clay 10 6. Blue shale 35 7. Mixture yellow clay, % shale