APOLLO, d-,60?-lo (-Snis). x. Son of Jupiter and Latona, also called Phoebus, and identified with the sun. Before his birth Juno raised the serpent Python to torment Latona, who was refused a place to give birth to her child, till Neptune in pity raised the isle Delos from the bottom of the sea, and made it float, and there she brought forth Apollo and Diana, and Apollo immediately killed the Python with his arrows. Apollo was the god of all the fine arts, of medicine, music, poetry, and eloquence : he had received from Jupiter the power of knowing futurity, and his oracle at Delphi (q. v.) was famous throughout the world : he was much attached to Hyacinthus, whom he accidentally killed with a quoit, and to Cyparissos, who was changed into a cypress. When his son iEsculapius was killed by Jupiter's thunders, Apollo in wrath killed the Cyclops who had made the bolt, and Jupiter banished Apollo from heaven : he went to King Admetus, of Thessaly, with whom he remained nine years as a shepherd ; whence he became the shepherds' patron also : he re warded Admetus (q.v.) with a chariot, drawn by a lion and a bull, with which to win Alceste, and obtained from the Parcm immortality for Admetus, if another person would die for him. His shepherd's staff he gave to Mercury, to be his Cadfiches (q.v.), in exchange for the lyre which the latter had invented. With Neptune, he built the walls of Troy, and on King Loom& don cheating him of his promised reward, he destroyed the inhabitants with a pestilence.
He vindicated his mother's honour by putting Nine and her children to death ; and his contests with Pan and Midas, and his punish ment of Midas are well known. He was known as PI:miles, Cynthrus, Perdn (healer), Pythires,Del,Ohicus,NOssdris,Lyches,C1hrYus, Ismisaus, Vulturius, Shristadus, &c. (q. v.). Apollo is generally represented as a beautiful, tall, beardless young man, with long hair, and his head surrounded with beams of light : when as the god of plagues, he was surrounded with clouds. His statue on Mount Actium was particularlytamous as a mark to mariners, and Augustus, betore the battle of Actium, prayed to it tor victory ; and his Colossus (q. v.) at Rhodes was one of the seven wonders of the world. The griffin, cock, grasshopper, crow, swan, olive, laurel, palm-tree, &c., were sacred to him ; and wolves and hawks were sacrificed to him, as the natural enemies of the flocks. His most famous oracles were at Delphi (consulted by all the ancient world), Delos, Clitros, Tene'clos, Cyrrha, and Paffira. After the battle of Actium, Augustus built him a temple on Mount Palatine. As Apollo presided over poetry, he was often seen with the nine Muses on Mount Parnassus. 2. A temple of Apollo on Mount Leucas, visible far off at see. 3. A ship in JEneas's fleet.