CARTHAGINIENSES, Caste the inhabitants of CARTHAGO, car-thce-ge, (called Kara/don by the Greeks), a celebrated city on the north coast of Africa, founded from Tyre, about 85o B.c., by Dido (u. v.). It flourished for goo years, and was at its zenith temp. Hannibal : during the first Punic war it contained 700,00o inhabitants. It maintained three famous wars against Rome (see PUNICUM BELLUM), in the third of which, after a heroic defence, it was totally destroyed by Scipio, the second Africanus, 147 B.C., when only 3,050 persons were found within its walls, the citadel was Byron (hide, from Dido having purchased from the king of the country as much land as she could cover with an ox's hide : she cut it up into strips): it had an inner harbour, Cot./422, and a suburb, Magalia. The government was oligarchical ; there was a senate, partly elective and partly hereditary ; a smaller executive council, Gerie sia, of one hundred, two chief magistrates (Suates); and a popular assembly of the citizens. After its
destruction by the Romans, the city lay in ruins till it was colonized by the Gracchi. Under Julius Cmsar and Augustus it was re built, and enlarged by Hadrian, who called a part of it Ha'dridmiAllis. It was conquered from the Romans by Generic and his Vandals A.D. 439, who made it the seat of the Vandal empire in Africa ; it was retaken by Belisarius 533, and conquered by the Saracens 698. CARTHAGO, MAGNA, car-tha:-go ema.
I. See CARTHAGINIENSES. 2. Nov., nail-a, a coast town on the east of Hispania Tarra conensis, founded 243 B.c. by Hasdraal, was taken by Scipio when Hanno surrendered. 3. A daughter of Hercules.