A
A, The First Letter In Almost All Alphabets. In Lebrew, It Is Called A Leth, N, Which Signifies Ox, Irons The Shape Of It In The Old Phenician Alphabet, Where It Somewhat Resembles The Head And Horns Of That Animal. (plutarch. Qua.st. Sympos. Ix:2; Gesenii Thcsaur. Hcb. P. I.) This ...
Ashkelon Or Askelon
Ashkelon Or Askelon (ash'ke-lon Or As'ke-lon), (heb. Ash-kel-one', Weighing; Gr. 'ao-kii.x0.,p). (1) Description. One Of The Five Cities Of The Philistines, On The Extreme Edge Of The Shore Of The Mediterranean Sea, Ten Miles North Of Gaza. Thither Samson Went When He Slew Thirty Men And Took Their Spoil (judg. ...
Ashtaroth
Ashtaroth (sh'ta-rotta), (heb. Ash Law-roth', A Wife, And Ashtaroth-carnaim, A Town Of Basilan (dcut. 1:4; Josh. Ix:to) Which Was Included In The Territory Of The Half. Tribe Of Manasseh (josh. And Was As Signed To The Levites (t Chron, Vi:71; Judg. Sam. Vii:3; Xxxi:io; I Kings X1:5, 33; Xxiii:13). It ...
Ashtoreth
Ashtoreth (ash'to-reth Or Ash-to'reth), (heb. Ash-tow-reth, I Kings Xi:5). (1) The Goddess Of The Zidonians. This Is The Name Of Astarte, Goddess Of The Zidonians (i Kings Xi:5, 33),and Also Of The Philistines (i Sam. Xxxi:lo), Whose Worship Was Introduced Among The Israel Ites During The Period Of The Judges ...
Asia
Asia Fa'sh(-hi. The Ancients Had No Divisions Of The World Into Parts Or Oillarlers; And Hence The Word Asia, Ilk The Extended Modern Sense, Does Not Occur In Scripture. It Does Not Indeed Occur At All, In Any Sense, In The I Lebrew Scriptures, But Is Found In The Tsmiks ...
Asiarchie
Asiarchie (a'shf-ark'ee), (gr. 'aouipxn/, Ac-ee Ar'khai, Chiefs Of Asia, Acts Xix:31; Vulg. .1sier Princraes Tertull. Trash/es Sacerdotales .1. 1'. 'certain Of The Chief Of Asia'). These Asiarch,e, Who Derived Their Afi(tc•ii:ition Front The Name Of The Province Over Which They Presided His Svri Arch, 2 Niacc. Lyciarch, Carlarelt, Etc.), Were ...
Askelon
Askelon Cas'ke-lon) (heb. ;*, Ion', Migration), A City Of The Philistines, And The Seat Of One Of Their Five States (judg. Xiv:19; Sam. Vi:17; 2 Sam. I:20). (1) Location. It Was Situated On The Mediter Ranean Coast, Between Gaza And Ashdod, Twelve Geog. Miles North Of The Former, And Ten ...
Asphaltum
Asphaltum ('as-fartiim), (heb. Khay Mawr', Boiling Up, To Be Red, Also Slime, And Pitch). Luther, Like The Modern Rabbins, Erroneously Trans Lates The Hebrew By 'clay.' The Hehrewand Arabic Names Probably Refer To The Reddish Color Of Some Of The Specimens (dioscorides 99). The Greek Name, Whence The Latin Asphaltum ...
Assurance
Assurance (a-shur'ans). The Sense In Which This Term Is Used Theologically Is That Of A Firm Persuasion Of Our Being In A State Of Salvation. The Doctrine Itself Has Been Matter Of Dispute Among Divines, And When Considered As Implying Not Only That We Are Now Accepted Of God Through ...
Assyria
Assyria (as's'yei-a). We Must Here Distin Guish Between The Country Of Assyria And The As Syrian Emftire. (heb. Ash-shoor', Or Ash Shoor'), The Name Of A Country, The People Being Also Described By The Same Term, Only That In The Latter Sense It Is Masculine, In The Former, Femi Nine. ...
Assyrian And Babylonian Coveries
Assyrian And Babylonian Coveries. This Article Contains A Short Account Of The Discoveries That Have 'been Made In The Buried Cities Of Nineveh And Babylon Since The Middle Of This Century. It Must Be Very Fascinating To All Biblical Stu Dents To Find That The Names Of All The Assyrian ...
Assyrian And Babylonian Libraries
Assyrian And Babylonian Libraries. It Is Only The Older Ones Among Us Who Are Able To Realize The Profound Change Which The Oriental Discoveries Of The Last Half Century Have Effected In Our Conceptions Of The Past History Of Civilized Man. It Is Not So Very Long Ago Since Culture ...
Astronomy
Astronomy (as-tron'o-my), (gr. Dar4p, As Star, And Poiws, Mant'os, Law), That Science Which Treats Of The Laws Of The Stars, Or Heavenly Bodies, Considered In Reference To Their Magni Tude, Movements And Respective Influence One Upon Another. Astronomy May Be Divided Into Empirical And Scientific, The First Being Founded On ...
Asylum Censer Incensesacrifice
Asylum ; Censer; Incense; Sacrifice-) (7) Altar At Athens. St. Paul, In His Ad Mired Address Before The Judges Of The Are Opagus At Athens. Declares That He Perceived That The Athenians Were In All Things Too Superstitious. The Greek Word Aocriaawovearipovs Occurs Lien.' (piiv, And Is Of Ambiguous Signification, ...
Atargatis
Atargatis (a-taega-lfs), (gr. 'arep-ydrvs, At Er-garace, Or 'arap-ydris, At-ar-gat'is), Is The Name Of A Syrian Goddess, Whose Temple (' Areryareiov) Is Mentioned In 2 Macc. Xii:26. That Temple Appears, By Comparing I Macc. V :43, To Have Been Situated At Ashtaroth-karnaiin. Her Worship Also Flourished At Mabilg (i. E., Bam ...
Athali 9h
Athali 9.h (heb. Yaw', Afflicted By Jehovah, Or Jab Is Strong). 1. A Daughter Of Ahab, King Of Israel, Doubt Less By His Idolatrous Wife Jezebel. She Is Also Called The Daughter Of Omri (2 Chron. Xxii:2), Who Was The Father Of Ahab; But By A Comparison Of Texts It ...
Athanasian Creed
Athanasian Creed Pith 'a-nd' Zhan K Red). (1) Author Of The Creed. The Orthodox Fol Lowers Of St. Athanasius, The Great And Able An Tagonist Of Arius, Were Termed Athanasians. The Athanasian Creed, Though Generally Admitted Not To Be Drawn Up By This Father (but Probably, As Dr. \vaterland Says, ...
Atharim
Atharim (5.th'a-rim), (heb. Ath-aw Reenz', Regions), A Place In Southern Palestine, Near Which The Israelites Passed On Their Way Thither (num. Xxi:l), The Hebrew Of Which Is Incorrectly Rendered In The English Version "the Way Of The Sties." Properly, By The Way Of Atharim. Atheism (gr. D Oe° So, Without ...
Athens
Athens (atli Enz ), (gr. 'aoirat, Ath-ovnahee). This Celebrated City, As The Birthplace Of Plato, And Through Him So Widely Influential On Juda Ism And Christianity, Deserves Something Else Than A Geographical Notice Here. We Shall Briefly Al Lude To The Stages Of Her History And Remark On Some Of ...
Athlai
Athlai Ath-lakee), One Of The Sons Of Bebai, Who, At Ezra's Wish, Put Away His Foreign Wife (ezra X:28), Li. C. 459• Atonement (a-ton 'mem), (11 Eb. R, Kaw Far, Li) Cover, Cancel; Gr. Karaxxar,, Kat-al-lag Ay', Exchange, Reconciliation). As A Verb, The Hebrew Literally Signifies To Cover; And, As ...
Attitudes
Attitudes (rtt'it-weis). The Allusions In Scripture To Attitudes And Pos Tures Expressive Of Adoration, Supplication And Re Spect Are Very Numerous. Front These We Learn Enough To Perceive That The Usages Of The He Brews In This Respect Were Very Nearly, If Not Altogether, The Same As Those Which Are ...
Ave Maria Wo
Ave Maria Wo Ma.rila), Hail Mary I. The Words Of The Angel Gabriel To The Virgin Mary, When Announcing The Incarnation (luke I: Tr ), As Rendered By The Vulgate. 2. The Familiar Prayer, Or Form Of Devotion, In The Roman Catholic Church, Called Also The "an Gelical Salutation." It ...
Avith
Avith La'vith), (i Leb. Av-reeth', Hut, Vil Lage), A City Of Hadad Ben-liedad, One Of The Kings Of Edom Before There Were Kings Of Israel ((yen. Xxxvi 35;t Citron. I $6). Awl (awl), (ileb. Mar.tsayah, From Verb Signifying "to Bore"). It Denotes An Awl Or Other Instrument For Boring A ...
Azzur
Azzur (az'zur), (heb. Az-zoor', Helper). 1. One Of Those Who Signed The Covenant (b. C. 445) With Nehemiah (neh. X:17). It Is Probably A Family Name And In Hebrew Is The Same As Azur. 2. Father Of Hananiah Of Gibeon (b. C. 596), Who Was A Prophet In The Time ...
Baal Gad
Baal-gad Ba'al-gad), (heb. Arawd , Lord Of Fortune), A City 'in The Valley Of Lebanon, Under Mount Hermon' (josh. X1:17; Xii:7). We Are Also Informed That Among Those Parts Of Palestine Which Were Unsubdued By The Hebrews At The Death Of Joshua, Was 'all Lebanon Towards The Sun-rising, From Baal-gad, ...
Baalbek Or Baalbec
Baalbek Or Baalbec (ba'al-bek). (1) Baalbek, In The Syrian Language, Signifies The City Of Baal, Or Of The Sun; And, As The Syrians Never Borrowed Names From The Greeks, Or Trans Lated Greek Names, It Is Certain That When The Greeks Came Into Syria They Found The Place Bear Ing ...
Babylon
Babylon (bab'y-lon), (gr. Ba/3uxdv, Bab-u-lohn'; (heb. Bd-bel, Babel, Meaning Confusion Of Tongues (gen. Xi:1-9). I. 1. Name. The Biblical Account Ascribes Its Foundation To The Descendants Of Cush And Fol Lowers Of Nimrod (gen. Xi:2-9) Who Came From The East And Settled In The Plain Of Shinar. This State Ment ...
Babylonia 1
Babylonia 1. Name. The Name Is Derived From Its Chief City, Babylon, Termed Also Chalthea, From Those Who, At A Later Period, Inhabited It. A Province Of Middle Asia, Bordered On The North By Mesopo Tamia, On The East By The Tigris, On The South By The Persian Gulf, And ...
Babylonish Garment
Babylonish Garment (13kb'y-io'nish Gaement), Ad-areh'rith Shin-cwr', Cloak Of Shinar Or Babylon). The Garmcnt Which Achan Stole At The Destruc Tion Of Jericho (josh. Vii:21) Is Described By Josephus As "a Royal Mantle All Woven With Gold." But No Accurate Description Is Possible. Babylon Was Famous For The Products Of The ...
Badgers Skins
Badgers' Skins (baj'ers' Skins), (heb. Takh'ash, Badger; Ore, Skin; Ex. Xxv:5; Ezek. Xvi:10). The True Badger Is Rare, If Known, In Arabia. It Is Believed That The Skins Meant Were Those Of Such Marine Animals As The Dolphin, Dugong, And Seal. Dr. Robinson Writes : "the Superior" (of The Convent ...
Balaapis
Balaapis (b5.'laam Or Bala-am), (heb. He Name Is Supposed By To Mean Lord Of The People; But By Others, Destruction Of The Peo Fle—an Allusion To His Supposed Supernatural Pow Ers. Balaam Is Called The Son Of Bosor, Which Gesenius Attributes To An Early Corruption Of The Text, But Dr. ...
Balances
Balances (bal'ans-ez), Mo-zeh Nah'yeem, I. E., Two Scales). That These Were Known To The Early Hebrews And In Common Nse Is Evident From The Frequent Reference To Them In The Old Testament (lev. Xix :36; Job Vi :2 ; Xxxi :6; Hos. Xii :7, Etc.). In The Early Periods Of ...
Baldness
Baldness (bald'n'es), (heb. From On?, Kaw Ray'akh, Bald, I. E., On The Top Or Back Of The Head; Ghib-bay'akh, Bald On The Forehead). Baldness May Be Artificial Or Natural. Artificial Baldness, Caused By Cutting Or Shaving Off The Hair Of The Head, A Custom Among All The Ancient And Eastern ...
Balsam Tree
Balsam Tree (bal'sam Tre), Or Balsam. The Word Balsamon May Come From Baal-shemen, Lord Of Oil; Or The Most Precious Of Perfumed Oils. The Word Is Not In The Hebrew Of The Song Of Solomon, But We Find The Vineyards Of Engedi (i:14), Which Are Believed To Have Been Gardens ...
Bamian
Bamian Is A Town Half As Large As Balkh, Situated On A Hill. Before This Hill Runs A River, The Stream Of Which Flows Into Gurjestan. Bamian Has Not Any Gar Dens Or Orchards, And It Is The Only Town In This District Situated On A Hill. The Cold Part ...
Banquet
Banquet (ban'kwet), (heb. Mish-leh', Drinking, A Shouting For Joy). The Entertainments Spoken Of In Scripture, On However Large A Scale, And Of However Sumptuous A Character, Were All Provided At The Expense Of One Individual; The Epavos Of The Greeks, A Meal At Which Every Guest Present Contributed His Proportion, ...
Baptism
Baptism (bap'tiz'm), The Application Of Water As A Rite Of Cleansing, Purification, Or Initiation; A Christian Sacrament. The Word "baptism" Is The English Form Of The Greek Tlawrtaiu5s, Bap-tis-mos' Th.. Verb From Which This Is Ticriecil Plarrtiv, Bap Tid'co—is Held By Some Scholars To Mean "to Dip, Immerse." But This ...
Baptism Of Fire
'-baptism Of Fire (bip'ttz'm I5v Fir). The Words Of John The Baptist (matt. Iii At). "he That Cometh After Me Shall Baptize You With The Holy Ghost And With Fire," Have Given Occa Sion To Various Interpretations. Some Of The Fathers (e. G. John Damascenus) Hold It To Mean The ...
Baptism Of The Holy
Baptism Of The Holy Ghost, That Overwhelming Abundance Of The Gifts And Graces Of The Holy Spirit Which Our Saviour, After His As Cension, Poured Forth Upon His Disciples. The Basis Of This Beautiful Metaphor Is Found In The Literal Signification Of Baptism, Which Is To Cover One Completely With ...
Baptist Young Peoples Union
Baptist Young People's Union Of America. (1) Organization And Aim. The Baptist Young People's Union Of America Was Organized At A Large And Representative Convention Held In The Second Baptist Church, Chicago, Iii., July 7-8, 4891. In Common With Other Bodies Of Chris Tians, Our Baptist Churches Had Felt The ...
Baptists
Baptists (bap' Lists). (1) Antecedents And Principles. Protests Against Infant Baptism As Without Scriptural War Rant And As Perversive Of The Nature And Pur Pose Of An Ordinance Of Christ Were Common But By No Means Universal Among Evan Gelical Parties. Petrobrusians And Henricians (1104-48), Arnold Of Brescia Probably (1139-55), ...
Barak
Barak (ba'rakl, (hell Luz7e-rawk', Light Ning Flash), Son Of Abinoant Of A Galilean City Of Refuge In The Tribe Of Naphtali (judg. Iv:6; Comp. Josh. X Xi :32). Hence He Be.onged To The District Much Had Suffered Most .it The Hands Of The Canaanites: Perhaps Be Had Blen Actually Their ...
Barbarian
Barbarian Ri-an), 1(;r. Licipoapos, Bar' Bar-or, Foreign, Strange, Rude). This Term Is Used In The New Testament, As In Classical Writers, To Denote Other Nations Of The Earth In Distinction From The Greeks, Without Any Idea Of Barbarism In The Modern Sense Of The Term. 'i Am Debtor Both To ...
Bariah
Bariah (ba-ri'ah), (het). Kh, Fugitive), Son Of Shemaiah, Descendant Of The Royal Family Of Judah (i Cilyik1. 111:22), B. C. About To. (brer'je'zus), (gr. Gapnyroi.s, A)' Save , Son Of Joshua). A Man Described In Acts Xiii :6 As 'magian, Prophet Of Lies, Jew,' Whom Paul And Barnabas, Traveling In ...
Barley
Barley (bar'157), ; "iyvc Ieh-ore' ; Gr. Kpletvos, Kree'thee-nos, Long Hair). (1) Where Cultivated. This Grain Is Men Tioned In Scripture As Cultivated And Used In Egypt (exod. Ix:31), And In P'alestine (lev. Xxvii :16; Deut. Viii :8; 2 Chron. :to; Ruth Ii;17; 2 Sam. Xiv :3o; Is. Xxviii:25; Jer. ...
Barrenness Barren
Barren, Barrenness (bartren, Bar'ren Nes), (heb. 7;?, Aw-kawr', When Spoken Of Per Sons). Barrenness Is, In The East, The Hardest Lot That Can Befall A Woman, And Was Considered Among The Israelites As The Heaviest Punishment With Which The Lord Could Visit A Female (gen. Xvi :2 ; Xxx :1-23 ...
Bartholomew
Bartholomew ( Bar - ' O - Mew ), (greek Bapoonowtios, Bar-thol-om-aleyos, Son Of Tolmai). (1) Name And Family. Bartholomew Was One Of The Twelve Apostles, And Is Generally Sup Posed To Have Been The Same Individual Who In John's Gospel Is Called Nathaniel. The Reason Of This Opinion Is ...
Baruch
Baruch ( ' Ruk ( Ileb. Hazy-rook', Blessed ). 1. The Faithful Friend And Amanuensis Of The Prophet Jeremiah I Jer. Xxxii:t2-16; Xliii:3. (4; Li:6t); Was Of A Noble Family Of The Tribe Of Judah, And Generally Considered To He The Brother Of The Prophet Seraiah, Both Being Represented As ...
Bashan
Bashan (ba Shan), 11 Th. Wit Light Soil, Soft Earth, Fruitful'. (1) Meaning. The ‘vorol Probably Denote, The Peculiar Fertility Of The Soil ; In The Ancient Versions. Instead Of Using It As A Proper Timm% A Word Meaning Fruitful Or Fat Is Adopted Thus .n Ps. Xxii:12 For Bastian, ...
Basin
Basin (bo's'n), The Rendering In The A. V. Of Several Words In The Original; Also Spelled "ba Son." 1. .elg-gawn' (heb. Literally, Fiounded Out; A Vessel For Washing, A Laver, Large Bowl, Or Cuff (exod. Xxiv:6). 2. Saf Dishes Or Bowls For Holding The Blood Of Victims (exod. Xii:22; Jer. ...
Bastard
Bastard By This Word The Auth. Vers. Renders The Hebrew Pol Luted, Which Occurs Only In Deut. Xxiii:2 And Zech. Ix:6. But Michaelis, .lfos. Recht, Ii, Sec. T39, Reads The Word With A Different Punctuation, So As To Make It A Compound Of Two Words, Mamzcr, Meaning Stain, Defect Of ...
Bathing Bathe
Bathe, Bathing (bath. With'ing), (hcb. Raw-khals'). (1) In Contradistinction To The Washing Of Par Ticular Parts Of The Body, Hands, Feet, Etc., Bath Ing Is Used In This Article Of The Washing Of The Whole Body, And That Either By The Application Of Water, By Pouring Or Otherwise, To The ...
Battle
Battle (bat'el),(heb. Fighting). Mode Of Warfare. Though The Hebrews In Their Mode Of Conducting Warlike Operations Varied Somewhat In The Course Of Ages, And Are Elsewhere Shown To Have Been Swayed By The Practice Of Greater And More Military Nations, Still, From The Period ,when The Institution Of Royalty Gave ...
Beans
Beans (bens), (ezek. Iv:9). The Eastern Plant Ordinarily Thus Known (viola Faba) Is Quite Unlike The Garden Or Field Bean Of The United States. It Is Of The Same Family. But Is An Erect Annual With A Stout Stern, Is One Of The Commonest Field Crops Of Europe And The ...
Beard
Beard (berd), (heb.1p-rt, Zaw-kawn', The Beard, As Indicating Age). The Ancient Nations In General Agreed With The Modern Inhabitants Of The East In Attaching A Great Value To The Possession Of A Beard. The Total Absence Of It, Or A Sparse And Stinted Sprinkling Of Hair Upon The Chin, Is ...
Beasts
Beasts (bests). The Term Is Sometimes Used By The Translators For Heb. Be-hay-maw', Dumb; At Others For Beh-ere', Live, In General This Word In The Bible, When Used In Contradistinction To Man (ps. Xxxvi:6), De Notes A Brute Creature Generally ; When Con Tradistinction To Creeping Things (lev. X1:2-7; Xxvii:26), ...
Bechorath
Bechorath (be-wrath), (i I Eb. Bek-o Rate, Firstborn), A Son Of Aphiah, Or Abiali (b. C. 1225); Grandson Of Becher (t Sam. Ix:1). He Was An Ancestor Of Saul. Bed (bid). The Manner Of Sleeping In Warm Eastern Cli Mates Is Necessarily Very Different From That Which Is Followed In ...
Bedolach
Bedolach (bed'o-131i), ( Heb. Be-do This Word Occurs But Twice In The Scriptures— In Gen. As A Product Of The Land Of Havilah, And Num. Xi:7, Where The Manna Is Likened To It. It Has Been Much Disputed Among Critics, Both Ancient And Modern. In The Septuagint It Is Con ...
Beelzebub
Beelzebub (be-el'ze But)), (gr. Beh El-zeb-oot I, A Heathen Deity, Believed To Be The Prince Of Evil Spirits (matt. X:25; X11:2.1, 27; Mark Iii 22; Luke Xilr„ So. The Name Properly Should Be Beelzebtel In All Die N. T. Passages. There Is No Doubt That The Reading Brelzebuf Is The ...