JEUSH (West* (Heb. 1:11":',yeh-oosh', collect ing; strong; hasty).
1. Oldest son of Esau, by Aholibamah (Gen. xxxvi :5, 14, 18; Chron. i :35), born in Canaan, but later lie became a "duke" of the Edomites B. C. after 196,0. ' 2. The first mentioned of the sons of Bilhan ; he was head of a Benjamite house during Da vid's reign (I Chron. vii It), B. C. before moo.' 3. A Levite, one of the four sons of Shimei, of the Gershonitcs. He, with his brother Beriah, not having many sons, were counted as the third branch of the family ( Chron. xxiii It), B. C. about to14.
4. The first named of the three sons of Reho boam, apparently by Abihail, his second wife (2 Chron. xi :DO, B. C. after 973.
JEUZ (Wuz), (Heb. 11117, yeh-oots', counselor), head of a Benjamite house, apparently the son of Shaharaim and Hodesh or Baara Chron. viii:io). B. C. about 1618.
JEW (ja, or ju), (Heb. yeh-oo-dee', a Jehudite, e., descendant of Judah; Gr. louViLos, ee-oo-dah'yos).
A name formed from that of the patriarch Judah, and applied in its first use to one belong ing to the tribe or country of Judah, or rather perhaps to a subject of the separate kingdom of Judah (2 Kings xvi :6 ; xxv :25 • Jer. xxxii :12; xxxviii :19 ; xl :t ; xli :3 ; :28). During the Captivity the term seems to have been extended to all the people of the Hebrew language and country, without distinction (Esth. iii :6, 9 ; Dan. iii :8, 12) ; and this loose application of the name was preserved after the restoration to Palestine, when it came to denote not only eVery descend ant of Abraham in the largest possible sense, but even proselytes who had no blood relation to the Hebrews (Acts ii :5 ; comp. verse to).
Rabbi D. Philipson explains the meaning of the three names applied to the Jews, as follows : Broadly speaking, I define the three terms thus : "Hebrew" is the liriguistic. "Israelite" the national, "Jew" the religious designation. If we still used the Hebrew as our language in daily life, it would be correct to call us Hebrews; if we were still a nation, the proper appeltation would be Israelites. which was the distinguishing term applied to the people when they inhabited Palestine as a nation, in contrast with the sur rounding peoples, Philistines, Moabites, Syrians, Edomites arid the like. Since Hebrew is no longer our. spoken language, since further we are not a nation, our national existence having ceased with the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans, it is technically incorrect to apply either of these names to present day Jews. There remains, then, the third, "Jew"; this is primarily the religious term, the name of the professor of Judaism. The distinguishing mark of the Jewish people is their religion ; they are a religious community, hence the proper name is "Jew." Our faith is called not Hebraism, nor yet Israelitism, hut Judaism, and the corresponding term to Judaism is Jew.
(See HEBREW LANGUAGE; ISRAEL; JUDAH.)