JOHANAN (jo-ha'nan), (Heb. Wr, yo-khaw nawn', God-bestowed).
1. One of the officers who came and recognized Gedaliah as governor of Judxa aftcr the destruc tion of Jerusalem, and who appears to have been the chief in authority and influence among them. He penetrated the designs of Ishmael against the governor, whom he endeavored, without success, to put upon his guard. When Ishmael had ac complished his design by the murder of Gedaliah, and was carrying away the principal persons at the seat of government as captives to the Am monites, Johanan pursued him and released them. Being fearful, however, that the Chaldmans might misunderstand the affair, and make him and those who were with him responsible for it, he resolved to withdraw for safety into Egypt, with the prin cipal persons of the remnant left in the land. Jeremiah remonstrated against this decision ; but Johanan would not be moved, and even con strained the prophet himself to go with them. They proceeded to Taphanes, but nothing further is recorded of Johanan, B. C. 588 (2 Kings xxv : 23; Jer. x1:8-16; xli ; xlii ; xliii).
2. Son of Azariah, and grandson of Ahimaaz ( Chron. vi :9, to). He was high-priest, probably, in the reign of Rehoboam (Hervey, Geneal. ch. x).
3. Son of Elioenai in the line of Zerubbabel's heirs (t Chron. :24), B. C. after 400.
4. Eldest son of King Josiah 0 Chron. :15). He must have previously died or fallen with Jo siah at Megiddo (B. C. after 639).
5. A Benjatnite captain, who joined David at Ziklag (t Chron. xii :4), B. C. moo.
Et. The eighth of the "lion faced" warriors of Gad who joined David (i Chron. xii :12), B. C. °ca.
7. Father of Azariah, a head of the Ephraim ites in the time of Ahaz (2 Chron. xxviii :12), B. C. about 735.
8. Son of Hakkatan, and chief of the sons of Azgad, who came back with Ezra (Ezra viii :12), B. C. about 457.
9. Son of Eliashib (Neh. xii :23). To his chamber Ezra retired and mourned over the sins of the people who had been carried away (Ezra x :6).
10. Son of Tobiah, thc Ammonite, who mar ried the daughter of the priest Meshullam (Neh. vi :18), B. C. 445.
JOHN (ion), (Gr. lunivros, ee-o-an'nace, from He brew Jehohanan, Jehovah favored).
/. A member of the family of the high-priest. He, with Caiaphas and Annas, heard thc case brought against Peter and John for curing the lame man and preaching in the temple (Acts iv :6).
Lightfoot (Cent. Chor. Afatth. rral. ch. 15) iden tifies him with R. Johanan ben Zaccai, president of the great synagogue after its reinoval to Jabne.
2. Hcbrew name for MARK. In Acts xii :12, 25; xiii :5, i3; xv :37, he is designated by the name under which he was known among his countrymen. (See MARK.) 3. The Apostle John, who was the son of Zebedee, a fisherman. and of Salome. It is prob able that he was horn at Bethsaida. on thc lake of Galilee. His parcnts appear to have been in casy circumstances; at least, we find that Zebedee employed hired servants (Mark i:20), and that Salome was among the number of those women who contributed to the maintenance of Jesus (Matt. xxvii :56).
find that about the year 58, when Paul was at Ephesus, John was not living there yet. If we consider the great importance of Ephesus among the various churches of Asia Minor, and the dangers arising from false teachers, who were prevalent there as early as the days of Paul (Acts xx:29), it will appear likely that John was sent to Ephesus after Paul had left that scene, about the year 65. During the time of his activity in Asia Minor he was exiled by the Roman em peror to Patmos, one of the sporadic isles in the lEgean Sea, where. according to Revelations i :9, he wrote the Apocalypse. Irenmus (Adv. HaT. v. 3o) and, following him, Eusebius (Hist. Ec cles. iii:t8) state that John beheld the visions of the Apocalypse about the close of the reign of Domitian.
(5) Exile to Patmos. If this statement can be depended upon, the exile to Patmos also took place under Domitian, who died A. D. 96. Ter tullian (Prayer. adv. HaT. c. 3o) relates that in the reign of Domitian, John was forcibly conveyed to Rome, where he was thrown into a cask of oil; that he was miraculously released, and then brought to Patmos. But since none of the an cient writers besides the rather undiscriminating Tertullian, relate this circumstance, and since this mode of capital punishment was unheard of at Rome, we ought not to lay much stress upon it (compare Nlosheim, Dissertationes ad Historian Ecclesiastican, i, P. 497, sq.). It is, however, likely that John was called to suffer for his faith, since Polycrates, bishop of Ephesus, writing about A. D. 200, calls him ihdprvs (martyr) (Euseo.