MADIRE (mAnfre), (IIeb mam -ray, fatness.) 1. An Amoritish chief, who, with his broth ers Atter and Esheol, was in alliance with Abra ham (Gen. xiv :13, 24). (B. C. about 225o.) 2. In the A. V. 'The oaks of Mamre,"plain of Mamre' (Gen. xiii :18; xviii :1), or simply 'Mamre' (xxiii :17, 19; xxxv :27), a grove in the neighborhood of Hebron.
Here Abraham dwelt aftcr separating from Lot (Gen. xiii:18), and near by was the cave of Macplielah (Gen. xxiii :17; 19; xxv:9). The spot is still marked by the remains of a building which once, it is said, inclosed the trunk of 'Abraham's tree.' It is about a mile northwest of Hebron. (See Porter, Handbook, i, 7o.) MAN (man). Four Hebrew words are thus trans. lated in the English eesh en-oshe' gheh'ber.
1. The proper name of the first man, though Gesenius thinks that when so applied it has the force rather of an appellative, and that, accord ingly, in a translation, it would be better to ren der it' the man. It seems, however, to be used by St. Luke as a proper name in the genealogy (iii: 38) ; by St. Paul (Rotn. v :(4; t Tim. ii:13, 14) : and by Jude (14). St. Paul's use of it in r Cor. xv:45 is remarkably clear: 'the first man, Adam.' This derivation is as old as Josephus, who says that 'the first man was called Adam, because he was formed from the red earth,' and adds, 'for the true virgin earth is of this color' (Antiq. t, scc. 2).
The truer origin of the word in Gen. i:26; v: 1, is likeness, because man was made in the likeness of God.
2. It is the generic name of the human race as originally created, and afterwards, like the English word man, person, whether man or woman, equivalent to the Latin homo, and Gr. an-thro-pos, etveinerros, (Gen. i :26, 27; v -2; viii: 21; Deut. viii:3 ; Matt. v:13, Cor. vii:26), and even without regard to age (John xvi:21). It is applied to women only, 'the human persons or WOITIC11' ( NUM. xxxi:35).
3. It denotes man in opposition towoman (Gen. iii:t2; Matt. xix :to), though, more properly, the husband in opposition to the wife (comp. t Cor. vii:t).
4. It is used, though very rarely, for those who maintain the dignity of human nature, a man, as we say, meaning one that deserves the name, like the Latin vir and Greek aphp, an'are, hero.
'One man in a thousand have I found, but a woman,' etc. (Eccles. vii :28.) Perhaps the word here glances at the original uprightness of man.
5. It is frequently used to denote the more degenerate and wicked portion of mankind: an instance of which occurs very early, 'The sons. or worshipers, of God married the daughters of men, or the irreligious' (Gen. vi:2).
6. The word is used to denote other men, in opposition to those already named. as, 'both upon Israel and other men' (Jer. xxxii :2o), e. the Egyptians. 'Like other men' (Ps. lxxiii :5) e., common men, in opposition to better men (Ps. lxxxii :7); men of inferior rank, as opposed to men of higher rank. (See Heb. Is. ii :9 ; v :15; Ps. xlix :3; lxii :to; Prov. viii :4)• 7. The phrase 'son of man,' in the Old Testa ment, denotes man as frail and unworthy (Num, xxiii:t9; Job xxv :6 ; Ezek. it, 3) ; as applied to the prophet, so often. it has the force of `oh mortal !' Ecsh is a man in the distinguished sense, like the Latin vir, and Greek drip, 'an heroic man.' 8. It is used in all the several senses of the Latin vir, and denotes a man as distinguished from a woman (I Sam. xvii:33; Matt. xiv:2t) ; as a husband (Gen. iii;t6; Hos. ii:t6) ; and in reference to excellent mental qualities. A beauti ful instance of the latter class occurs in Jer. v it.
9. It is also used to designate the superior classes (Prov. viii :4; Ps. cxli:4, etc.), a courtier (Jer. xxxviii :7), the male of animals (Gen. vii: 2). Sometimes it means men in general (Exod. xvi :29; Mark vi :44)• 10. Enoshe denotes mortals, as transient, per ishable, liable to sickness, etc.: 'Let no man [margin, 'mortal manl prevail against thee' (2 Chron. xiv it 1). 'Write with the pen of the com mon man' (Is. viii :I), e. in a common, legible character (Job xv:t4; Ps. viii:4; ix:19, 20; Is. li :7; Ps. ciii :15). It is applied to women (Josh. vial:25) ; gheh-ber', vir, man, in regard to strength, etc.