SERMON ON THE MOUNT (sEemiin 6n the mount).
The name usually given to a discourse deliv ered by Jesus to his disciples and a multitude on a mountain near Capernaum, A. D. perhaps 28 (Matt. chapters v-vii; Luke Vi :20, sq.). It was probably delivered after the choice of the twelve (Edersheim, Life and Times of Jesus, i. 524). He groups together Luke vi :12, 13, 17-19; comp. with Mark iii:13-15, and Matt. v 2).
(1) The Discourse Itself. "It is the same as that found in Luke vi:20-49; for although dif fering in respect of its contents, style, and ar rangement from that of Matthew, yet, judging from its characteristic introduction and close, its manifold and essential identity as regards the sub ject-matter, as well as from its mentioning the circumstance that immediately after Jesus cured the sick servant in Capernaum (Luke vii :1, sq.). it is clear that Matthew and Luke do not record two different discourses" (Meyer, Com.).
(2) Plan of the Sermon. Whedon (Cons., in loc.) suggests the following plan : (1) Christian piety, as distinguished from irre ligion (Matt. v:3-16). Nine benedictions upon humility, penitence, meekness, aspirations after goodness, mercy, purity, peacemaking, and holy suffering for righteousness' sake (verses 3-12).
\Voes pronounced upon contrary traits (Luke vi: 24-26). Active duties enjoined upon the blessed ones (Matt. v:z3-16).
(2) Christian piety, as distinguished from Juda ism (Matt. v :17-vi :18). The completion of pure Judaism (v:I7-20). Distinguished from degen erate Judaism, in regard to angry passions, sexual purity, oaths, conciliation, moral love, sincerity in alms, prayer, and fasting (v :2o, vi:18).
(3) Christianity, as distinguished from Gentil ism (Matt. vi :19, vii :27). (o) Supreme trust in God our provident Father (vi:19-34)• The earth treasures must not come into competition with the heavenly treasures (vi :19-23). The world-god must not stand in competition with our heavenly Father (verses 24-34). (b) Supreme reverence for God as our adjudging Father (vii :1-27). Usurp not his place as Judge (verses 1-6). Con fide in his more than earthly parentage (verses (7-12). Enter the narrow way to him, avoiding false guides (verses t3-2o). Profession no assur ance before his judgment bar (verses 21-23). (i:) We stand or fall in judgment only by obe dience to Christ's words (verses 24-27).