The daughters of families are permit.
0? TED!! • t 7,14.1T tell to bear their father's arms, with the same distinctions used by them.
The shield, or escocheon, the mantle, the helmet and crest, are the several parts of arms which compose an achieve ment. Accidents in the escocheon are points and abatements ; the former are places in the shield named according to their position in the middle, or remote ; the middle are near the centre. The fess point is the centre of the escocheon. The honour point is in a direct line above it, and the nombril is next below it. Re mote points are placed at still greater dis tances from the fess point, some of which are superior and others inferior ; the for mer occupy the upper part of the esco cheon, and of those there are middle and extremes, the middle is the exact middle of the chief between the two extremes ; the two superior extreme points occupy the corners of the chief part of the esco cheon, and are termed the dexter and sinister. The inferior points are at the base, and of them there are middle and remote, (see fig. 23,) in which A is the dexter chief point ; B, the precise middle chief; C, the sinister chief ; D, the ho nour point ; E, the fess point ; F, the nombril point ; G, the dexter base ; the dexter middle base ; I, the sinister base point. An abatement is a casual mark annexed to coat armour, which an. nounces some dishonourable act of the bearer. Abatements consist of diminu tion and reversing, the first is the blem ishing of some particular point of the es. cocheon by sanguine and tenne, which are stains ; were the metals used, they would be considered additions of honour. See fig. 24.
Augmentations are additional charges borne on an escocheon, a canton, or chief, and given as particular marks of honour. See fig. 26.
Escocheons are either of one or more tinctures : of those of more than one, that is said to be predominant, when some one metal colour or fur is supposed to be spread over the whole surface of the es cocheon, which is termed the field, or shield ; in such as have more than one tincture, the field and charge must be observed.
The charge is that which possesses the field, whether natural, artificial, vegeta ble, or sensitive, and may be placed throughout the superficies, or in some particular part of the escoil:eon.
Ordinaries consist of lines variously drawn. The properties of them depend upon their deviations from a right line. Those are termed enrolled, invested, waved, crenelle, or embattled, nebule, indented, and dancette. (See fig. 27.) Of these, and straight lines, honourable ordinaries, abatements, and rewards of honour, are composed.
The honourable ordinaries are, the cross, chief, fess, barr, pale, chevron, bend, saltier, and escocheon.
The cross occupies the fifth part of the escocheon ; if charged, the third ; and is borne engrailed, invected, wavy, &c. be tween a charge, and charged as the rest of the ordinaries are. (See fig. 28.) Ar gent a cross sable.
The chief is peculiar to those who have obtained it by extraordinary merit : it contains one third part of the escocheon in depth, and is divided into a fillet, which includes a fourth part of the chief, and is placed in the chief point. (See fig. 29.) Or, a chief gules.
The fess is situated in the centre of the shield, and contains in breadth the third part of the escocheon. (See fig. 30. Azure a fess, or.) The bar differs from the fess only as it is but the fifth part of the shield. It is divided into the closet, or a moiety of the bar ; and the barulet, or half the closet.
The pale contains the third part of the escocheon, and is divided into a pallet, or one-half of the pale. An endorse is the fourth part of a pale, and is not used but when the pale is between two of them. If the pale is upon an animal, it is usual to say, he is debrused with the pale ; if the beast is on the pale, he is supported of the pale. (See fig. 31.) Gules, a pale, or.
The chevron resembles the rafters of a house, and occupies the fifth part of the field, and is divided into the chevronel, which contains half the chevron ; and a couple close, the fourth part of the chev ron. These are not borne but in pairs, tn_ less there is a chevron between them, (See fig. 32.) Gules, a chevron argent.