Lanceolatum, lanceolate, narrow, and oblong, tapering towards each end, a ve ry common sort of leaf, as in willows.
Lineare, linear, narrow, with parallel sides, like most grasses.
.Icerosum, needle-shaped, linear, and evergreen, generally acute, and rigid, as in the fir, juniper, &c Triangnlare, quadrangtdare .quinquangu /are, express the number of angles, with out any allusion to their measurement.
Daltoides, trowel-shaped, or deltoid, has three angles, of which the terminal one is the most acute.
Rhombeum, rhomboid, nearly square. 1?eniforme, kidney-shaped, as that of the asarabacca.
Cordatum, heart-shaped, which is ex tremely common.
Lunalatum, crescent-shaped, whether the points are directed backwards or for wards.
Sagittatutn, arrow-shaped, triangular, with the posterior angles much elongated.
llastatum, halbert-shaped, triangular, the lateral lobes spreading horizontally.
Pandurtforme, fiddle-shaped, as in the fiddle dock.
Runcinatum, runcinate, or lion-toothed, cut into several transverse acute reflex ed segments, like the dandelion.
Lyratum, lyrate, or lyre-shaped, cut in to several transverse segments, gradually larger towards the extremity of the leaf, which is dilated and rounded.
Fissum, cloven, when the fissures are linear or straight.
Lobatum, lobed, when the segments are rounded.
Sinuatum, sinuated, cut into rounded, dilated openings.
Partitunt, deeply divided, almost to the base.
Laciniatum, laciniated, cut into various irregular portions, as if torn.
Iucisnm, and dissectum, express some what of a more regular kind of division.
Palmatum, palmate, cut into several ob long segments, leaving an entire space at the base.
Pinnatafidum, pinnatifid, cut into seve ral transverse parallel segments.
Bipinnatffidum, doubly pinnatifid.
Pectinatum, pectinate, pinnatifid, with remarkably narrow segments, like the teeth of a comb.
Inequale, unequal or oblique, when the two halves of a leaf are unequal, and their bases not parallel.
A leaf in its termination is either trunca tam, abrupt ; pmemorsum, jagged-pointed, having various irregular notches, as if bitten ; retusum, ending in a broad shal low notch ; emarginatum, with a small acute notch ; obtusum, ending in a seg ment of a circle, ; acutum, terminating in an acute angle ; acuminatum, having a ta per point ; obtmsum cum acundne, blunt, with a small point ; mucronalum or cusp& datum, tipped with a spine ; or cirecsitat, tipped with a tendril.
A leaf, with regard to its margin, is either integerrimum, entire, as in the lilac ; for it must be observed, that integrum means an undivided leaf ; apinosum. beset with prickles, as in thistles, which is op posed to inerme ; cdiatum, fringed with soft hairs ; cartilagineum, hard and horny ; dentatum, toothed ; serratum. serrated, the teeth like those of a saw, pointing for wards . minutely serrated ; erenatum and cremdatum, notched with little rounded scollops, as in ground ivy ; erokum, jagged ; wavy ; glen didokum, glandular ; revolutvm, having the margin turned or rolled backwards, of which involutum is the reverse ; or condu plicatum, having the margins folded to gether.
A leaf, as to its disk, is either rugos.um, rugged ; bullaturn, blistery ; picatuin, plait ed like a fan ; undulat2an, waved ob tusely up and down ; crispum, elegantly curled and twisted, which is generally a preternatural luxuriance ; concavum, hollow in the middle ; venosum, veiny ; nerrosum, ribbed, the principal veins or ribs extending in simple lines from the base to the point ; avenium, without veins ; enerve, without ribs ; trinerve, three-rib bed ; triplinerve, triply-ribbed, when the lateral ribs branch off above the base ; bad trinerve, when the base is cut away close to the lateral ribs, as in burdock.
A few other terms relating to leaves in general deserve mention F. carnosum is a fleshy leaf, such as belongs to those called succulent plants The internal pulp of these seems to have no share in their peculiar functions as leaves ; but to be a reservoir of moisture, and some de gree of vitality. F. nudum means a leaf destitute of all clothing or hairiness what ever : the same term a stem, means that it bears no leaves, and to a flower, that it has no calyx. F. tubule sum, is a tubular leaf, as in several species of allinm ; lobelia dortmanna, has a leaf formed of a double tube ; canatiodatum, expresses a leaf with a longitudinal fin. row ; carrinatum, one with a prominent line like a keel at its back ; ensiforme, the sword-shaped, or two-edged leaf of the irises ; alcinatum, is used by Dr. Smith, " when the first leaves of a plant give place to others totally different from them, and from the natural habit of the genus, as in many mimosa of New-Holland ;" the first leaves of these are pinnated, the subsequent ones dilatations as it were of the naked foot-stalks; appendieulatum, is used by the same author for a leaf "fur nished with an ,ulditional organ for some particular purpose," as in dionxa musci pula above mentioned, and nepenthes destillatoria, the leaf of which bears a sort of covered pi .cher full of water. We omit to particularize the more common terms which are to be found every where.
Compound leaves conic principally under the tbdowing denominations.
F Jigitatnm is when several leaflets, or pardal leaves, stand on the summit of a common foot-stalk. Such are either two, three, or more. F. pinnatum, a pinnate leaf, is composed of leaflets ranged late rally on the ioot stalk ; when it has no terminal leaflet, it is said to be abruptly pinnate ; sometimes a tendril takes place ofth e odd leaflet, as in the pea and vetch. The leaflets are either opposite or alter nate ; sometimes they are interrupted by an intermediate series of smaller ones, as in spirxa filipendula, dropwort. F. /lira topanzatum resembles a lyrate leaf, as in the turnip. F. auricutatum is a simple leaf, with a pair of auricles or leaflets at its base. F. pedatum has three primary leaf lets, of which the lateral ones are lobed in their fore part, as i n hellebores fcetidus. The different degrees in which leaves are compounded are thus expressed. F. corn positem is simply compound; decomposi turn doubly compound : supra decomposi tem, thrice compound, or more ; of all which the umbelliferous tribe afford ex amples; begeminatum and tergeminattan are twice and i price paired; ternatum consists of three leaflets : biternatztm is twice ter nate, and triternatum thrice ternate. In the same manner, pipiralatum is doubly pinnate, and tripinnatem triply pinnate.