The proportion ofinhabitants to a house differs very considerably in some of the counties of England ; the chief cause of this difference is the large towns, and par ticularly the sea-ports, which some of them contain, as in such places the inha bitants live more crowded together than in moderate sized inland towns. The dif ference, in this respect, between large towns and those of less extent will be shown, with tolerable accuracy, by the following statements.
Inhabitants. Towns. Persons to a House..
864,845 London 84,020 :Manchester 6177,653 Liverpool 6.i 63,645 Bristol 6 43,194 Plymouth 9i 32,200 Bath 7i 32,166 Portsmouth 6 29,516 Hull 6+ 23,366 'Newcastle 9The other towns in England, contain eg upwards of twenty thousand inhabi tants, are the billowing : Inhabltants. Towns. Petsons to a House.
73,670 Birmingham 5 53,162 Leeds 4136,832 Norvich 41 31,314 Sheffield 428,861 Nottingham 51 The latter are all manufacturing towns, the trade of which had fbr several years previously to the enumeration, been in a very distressed situation, and had reduc ed the population much below its usual standard ; a few years of peace will re store the inhabitants which these towns had lost, and reduce, in some degree, the population of the principal out-ports.
Proportion of persons to a house in towns of a moderate size, Inhabitants. Towns. Persons to a House.
7,909 Devizes 5 7,668 Salisbury 7,655 Bury 7,579 -Gloucester • 57,531 Wellington 51 7,398 Lincoln 5 7,020 Northampton 5:; 6,828 Hereford 5 6,730 Newark 5 6,505 Tiverton 5,794 Taunton 5 The enumeration has not only ascer tained with precision tho proportion of in habitants to the houses, but likewise the proportion of males and females. It has been long known,that more male children come into the world than females, of which, additional evidence is furnished by the registers of baptisms collected on this occasion, the total of the twenty-nine years for which returns were required, being 3,285,188 males, and 3,150,922 fe males, or 104 males born to 100 fe males. This approaches much nearer to equality, than the proportion which previous accounts had appeared to esta blish, and will probably he found nearer the truth. It has been asserted, that al though more males are born than females, there are more females living than males. This opinion appears to have been form ed from accounts of places of small extent, or in which the males belonging to such places, who at the time were employed in the army and sea-service, were not in. chided ; and if only the resident popula tion is considered, there certainly will appear an excess of females in almost every part of Great Britain. In the ma ritime counties there appears to be on an average 110 females to 10) males, and in the inland counties 104 females to 102 males. There can be no sufficient reason
assigned for a greater proportion of fe males residing in the counties which con tain sea-ports, but their connection with males engaged in a seafaring life; and in reality the proportion of females is not greater in these counties than in the others, but it unavoidably appears so, in conse quence of persons in the navy and mer chants service having been accounted for in a body, and therefore not bring includ ed in the returns of the parishes to w Lich they belong. Ot the total number of males in Great Britain, it appears that one its twenty-seven, or nearly four in 104, are in the army and militia, which corres ponds with the appearance of an excess of females in the inland counties, whence most of our soldiers, but scarce any sai lors, are supplied ; and of the total num ber of males in Great Britain, the army, navy, and seamen in the merchants ser vice, amount together to one in 11i, or somewhat less than 10 out of 110; which agrees so nearly with the average excess of females in the maritime counties, that little doubt can remain that the appear ance of an excess of females has been caused merely by soldiers and seamen not being included in the parochial re turns.
The total number of males, including the army, navy, &c. was 5,450,292; the total of females 5,492,354, exceeding the males by 42,062, which difference, of less than one in 100, may be accounted for by emigration from this country to the East and West Indies, America, Ike. very few females going from hence to reside in foreign parts, in comparison with the num ber of males who are continually leaving the country in commercial pursuits, or from other motives. The result of the enumeration, therefore, strongly proves that the number of males and females living is as nearly equal as in a subject of this nature could be expected ; and the circumstance, of a greater propor tion of males being born, appears a ne cessary provision for maintaining this equality, as providing against the greater adventitious mortality among males, in consequence of the casualties to which they are exposed, and particularly from war and navigation.
An attempt was made to ascertain the population of France, -by cammaiwt the government, in the tenth year of the Ile-, public, but the account does not appear to ? have been very accurately taken. The to tal population of the 102 departments, into which France was then divided, was stat ed at 33,104,343 persons, over an extent of about 185,600 square miles. This ac count included thirteen departments in corporated with the north of France, four departments in the south, and some smaller acquisitions, comprehending, in the whole 23,790 square miles, contain ing 5,114,419 inhabitants.