2. Left coronary artery of the heart.
3. Artcria innominata, a common trunk, dividing into 1. Right subclavian.
2. Right common carotid.
3. ? Left common carotid.
4. S Left subclavian.
The common carotid artery is destined for the supply of the head. It emerges from the chest by the side of the trachea: mounts upwards in front of the vertebra, and parallel with the trachea, till it reach es the upper margin of the thyroid carti lage, without sending off a single branch. At this part it divides into the external and internal carotid arteries, the former of which is distributed to the outside of the head ; the latter to the brain.
The external carotid continues its course upwards between the jaw and the ear, being imbedded in the substance of the parotid gland.
Branches of the external carotid artery.
1. Superior thyroideal.
a. Laryngeal branch, 2. Lingual artery.
a. Hyoideal branch.
b. Artery to the back of the tongue.
c. Raminal artery.
3. Facial or labial, or external maxil lary.
a. Ascending palatine branch.
b. Arteries to the surrounding glands.
c. Inferior labial artery.
d. Coronary artery of the lower lip.
e. Coronary artery of the upper lip.
f Nasal arteries'.
4. Ascending pharyngeal artery.
5. Occipital artery.
6. Posterior artery of the car. _ 7 Superficial temporal artery.
a. Branches to the parotid gland.
b. Anterior auricular arteries.
c. Transverse artery of the face.
d. Middle temporal artery.
e. Anterior temporal branch.
f. Posterior temporal branch.
8. Internal maxillary artery.
a. Middle artery of the dura ter, or spinous artery.
b. Inferior maxillary artery.
c. Pterygoid branches.
d. Deep temporal branches.
e. Artery of the cheek.
f. Alveolar artery of the upp er jaw.
g. Infra-orbital artery.
h. Superior palatine branch.
i. Nasal branch.
The internal carotid artery enters into the skull, through the canal formed in the substance of the temporal bone. And its branches ramify throUgh the substance of the brain. All the arteries of the braha have thinner coats than these vessels pos sess in any other part of the body.
Branches of the internal carotid artery.
.1. Ophthalmic artery, supplying all the parts contained in the orbit a. Lacrymal branch.
b. Ethmoidal arteries.
c. Superior and inferior muscular branches.
d. Central artery of the retina.
e. Ciliary arteries.
f Superior and inferior palpebral branches.
g. Nasal artery.
h. Frontal artery.
2. Communicating branch.
3. Anterior artery of the brain.
4. Middle artery of the brain.
The subclavian artery passes over the first rib, and behind the clavicle, into the cavity of the axitla. There it takes the name of axillary, and is covered by the pectoral muscles. Emerging from the armpit, its name is again changed for that of brachial. This part of the trunk runs along the inside of the arm, close to the edge of the biceps muscle, until it reach es the elbow joint, where it divides int* the branches that belong to the fore arm.
Branches of the subclavian artery. 1. Internal mammary, 2. Inferior thymideal.
a. Thyroid branch.
b. Ascending thyroid artery.
c. Transverse artery_of the neck.
d. Transverse artery of the shoulder, or supra scapulary: 3. Vertebral, a large trunk passing through perforations in the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrw, and throligh the foramen magnum of rhe skull to the brain, where it unites' with its fel low of the opposite side, to form the ha silar artery.
a. Inferior artery, of the cerebellum.
b. Arteries to the spinal marrow.
c. Superior artery of the cerebel lum.
d. Posterior or deep seated artery of the brain. .
N. II. The arterial circle of Willis is a large anastomosis ; by which the two ca rotids are joined together, and united al so to the basilar artery.
4. Superior intercostal.
5. Deep-seated cervical artery.' 6. Superficial cervical artery.
_Branches of the azillary artery.
1. Superior or short thoracic.
2. Inferior or long thoracic.
3. Thoracic artery of the shoulder.
4. Deep thoracic artery.
5. Infra-scapular artery.