ALIBAUD, Louis, notorious for his attempt to murder king Louis-Philippe, was, at the revolution of July, quarter-master in the 15th regiment of the line. Having been degraded subsequently for an accidental brawl in the streets of Strasbourg, he demanded his discharge in 1834, and went to live at Perpignan, and then at Barcelona, where, hav ing become a fanatical republican, he returned to Paris, with the determination to murder the king. A weariness of life had also seized him, so great, that he thought of suicide. It was on the 25th of June, 1836, at the moment that the king, lvheit driving through the gate of the Tuileries, bowed to the national guard as they presented arms, that A. fired the well-aimed ball, which passed close by the king's head. Being immediately seized, he regretted nothing but the failure of his attempt. After a short trial he was sentenced to death, and was guillotined on the 11th of July.
the first convert to Mohammedanism, and fourth caliph, was the bravest and most faithful follower of the prophet, whose daughter, Fatima, he mar ried. Being made caliph in the place of the murdered Othman, he was victorious over the rebels in ninety engagements. He took prisoner Ayslia, the young widow of
Mohammed, and his greatest enemy, in the battle of the Camel—so called because Aysha appeared in the field riding on a camel. Ali was murdered by a fanatic in time year 660. He was buried near Kufa, where a monument was afterwards erected to him, to which his votaries still go on pilgrimage, and which caused the building of the city 3ledjed Ali. The religious sect formed by the followers of Ali, called Shiites (q.v.), has spread extensively under that name in Persia and Tartary. The descendants of Ali and Fatima, called the Fatimites (q.v.), although much persecuted by the Ommiades, have nevertheless ruled on the banks of the Nile and of the Tagus, in West Africa and in Syria. The best edition of the proverbs or maxims ascribed to All has been published by Fleischer (Ali's Hundred Proverbs, Arabian and Persian, Leip. 1837); Ali's Divan, the most complete collection of his lyrical poems, mostly on religious subjects, appeared in 1840 at Bulak, near Cairo.