ARGYLE', GEORGE JOIIN DOUGLAS CANIPBELL, 8th duke of A., was b. in 1823, and succeeded his father in 1847. At the age of 19, his grace, then marquis of Lorn, wrote a pamphlet entitled A Later to the Peers from a Peer's Son, on the subject of tha struggle which ended in the disruption of the Scottish church. Seven years later ha published an essay on presbytery, which contains a historical vindication of the presby terian system. On taking his seat in the house of peers, he soon commanded the respect of that dignified assembly. On the formation of the coalition ministry by lord Aberdeen, his grace was invested with the office of lord privy seal, which he continued to hold in lord Palmerston's administration. In Nov., 1855, he relinquished his office, and accepted that of postmaster-general. On the fall of lord Palmerston's administration, he retired into opposition; and in 1859, on that nobleman's return, lie again accepted the office of lord privy seal. On the formation of Mr. Gladstone's cabinet in 1868, he was appointed
secretary of state for India. In 1854, he was chosen lord rector of the university of Glas gow; in 1855 presided at a meeting of the British association in that city; and in 1861, was elected president of the royal society of Edinburgh. His grace is hereditary master of the queen's household in Scotland, chancellor of the university of St. Andrews, a trustee of the British museum, also hereditary sheriff and lord-lieutenant of Argyleshire. Besides numerous papers on zoology, geology, etc., he has written The Reign of Law, 1866; Prinieral Man, 1869; and, in 1870, A History of the Antiquities of Iona. In 1844, he married the eldest daughter of the duke of Sutherland (d. 1878). His eldest son, the marquis of Lorne, married the princess Louise in 1871; and in 1878 was appointed gov ernor-general of Canada. In the ducal title, A. is now generally spelt Argyll.