MONOD, FREDERIC Join, JEAN GERARD, 1794-1863; b. Monnaz, canton de Vaud, SwitzerImd; educated at Geneva; entered the ministryin 1820, and succeeded his father I as pastor of the national Protestant church of France n Paris. He established in 1824 the Archives du. Chrislianisme, the chief organ of the evangelical French Protestants, and continued its editor until his death. After officiating 12 years as pastor of the oratoire, he united with De Gasparin and others in an attempt to restore a rule of faith in the reformed church which would exclude rationalists, by making an acknowledgment of the divinity of Christ essential to membership. Failing in this, they left the national Protestant church in 1849, and organized independent congregations which resulted in the formation of the Free evangelical church of France. Associated with Monod were count de Gasparin, E. de Pressens6, and pastor Fisch. The influence of the Fre'e church has been so great that the majority of the state church are now represented to be evan gelical. In 1858 Monod visited the United States to interest the churches here in their
new movement. He greatly admired American institutions, and referred to this as evidence of the advantage of entire separation of church and state. During the war of the rebellion, he ardently espoused the side of the national government, and was one of the originators of the address which was signed by The majority of the Protestant French ministers, declaring that "the triumph of the rebellion would throw back for a century the progress of Christian civilization and of humanity, raise the hopes of the favorers of slavery and the slave trade, and would give a sad blow to the work of evan gelical missions." The address produced a marked change of opinion towards the United States not only in France, but also in England. IIe published a few pamphlets and several sermons, but most of his writings are in the Archives da Christianisme.