NAMAQUALAND, LITTLE, is a division of Cape Colony s. of the Orange river, form erly part of the district of Clanwilliam, and included with the country n. of it under the general name of Namaqualand. It is a very barren region, covered with rugged volcanic-looking hills, through which the Gariep or Great Orange river appears, through some convulsion of nature., to have forced its way to the sea. Little Namaqualand has of late years afforded a very large supply of copper ore of excellent quality (in 1878 near 12,000 tons); but the mines, although well known to the Dutch 200 years ago, were not worked till after 1852. The principal river is the Orange of the colonists, which divides the Cape Colony from Great Namaqualand; all the other streams are merely periodical torrents, often dry for years. The seat of magistracy is at Springbok Fontein, about 80 from the principal harbor, Hondeklip bay, and where are situated the very rich mines of the Cape copper company. Many scattered tribes of Namaquas and Bastard Hotten
tots roam along the bank of the Orange liver, and in the neighborhood of the mines are numerous Dutch farmers and English settlers. All the larger mammalia, except a few gemsbok, are extirpated; but troops of ostriches are still numerous on the grassy flats of the Bushman country. The geological features of this region are peculiarly interesting, and have been thoroughly explored by A. Wylie, on behalf of the Cape government. The rocks are generally of granite or gneiss, intersected with numerous veins of cuprcous indications, and near the °lunge river present ninny very curious features. The coast line extends for 100 m., with a few little hays, such as port Nalloth and HondMilip, where there is tolerably safe anchorage, and generally presents a shore covered with low granite rocks. At Houdeklip bay a• large boulder painted red forms a distinguishing landmark.