OLIOTZ, the chief fortress of Moravia, Austria, is the capital of a district of the same name, and is situated in let. 49' 36' n., and in long. 17" 15' e., on an island of the river Moravia, which, by means of sluices, can be opened into the moats, and thus made avail able for purposes of defense. Olmiltz is the see of an archbishop, nominated by the chapter, and is the chief seat of the adminiatrative departments. Its university, founded in 1581, and reorganized in 1827, was reduced to a theological faculty in 1855. Olnilitz has a library of 65.000 volumes; good natural history, physical, and other museums; a gymnasium, an archiepiscopal seminary, artillery and infantry academies, polytechnic and other schools, a hospital, an asylum for widows and orphans, etc. The most note worthy of its churches are the cathedral, a fine old building, and the church of St. Mau ritius, completed in 1412, with its celebrated organ, having 48 stops and more than 2,000 pipes. The noble town-hall, with its complicated clock-work, set up in 1574, and the lofty column on the Oberring, with several line fountains in the squares, and the splendid archiepiscopal palace and chapter-house, all contribute towards the picturesque for which ()blintz is distinguished. The deficiency in public gardens has of late years
been in part supplied by the draining and planting of some of the inner moats, and the conversion of sonic portions of the fortificarion; into .A mile from the city lies the monastery of the Premonstratensians at Hradisch, founded in 1074, now a military hospital Olmatz has a few manufactories of kerseymere, cloth, linen, and por celain, and is the scat of an extensive trade in cattle from Poland and Moldavia. Pop. '69, 15.231. Prior to 1777, when Olintitz was raised into an archbishopric, its bishops long been in the enjoyment of the rank of princes of the empire. The city suffered severely during the thirty years' war, and again in the seven years' war of Silesia, when it more than once fell into the hands of the Prussians. In 1848 Ferdinand I. signed hia: abdication here in favor of his nephew, Franz-Joseph L; while in 1850 OhnUtz was chosen as the place of conference between the Prussian, Austrian, and Russian plenipo tentiaries, for the adjustment of the conflicting differences which had arisen in the Ger man states generally, as the result of the revolutionary movement of 1848.