PADERBORN, the chief t. of a district in IbePrussian province of Westphalia. situated in 51° 43' n. ha., and 8° 45' e. long., in a pleasant and fruitful district, is built at the source ofthe Pader, which bursts forth from below the cathedral with sufficient force to drive mills within 20 paces of its point of exit. Pop. '75, 13,728. Paderborn bus narrow, dark, old-fashioned streets, presenting no special attractions. although it has some inter esting buildings. as, for instance. the fine old cathedral, completed in 1143. with its two magnificent facades, and containing the silver coffin in which are deposited the remains of St. Liborius. It is the seat of a bishop and chapter, and of an administrative court. The manufactures of Paderhorn, which are not very considerable, include tobacco, starch, hats, and wax-cloths, and there are several-breweries, distilleries and sugar-refineries in the town, which carries on a considerable trade in cattle, corn, and oils. Paderborn is one of the important stations on the Great Westphalia railway. Paderborn, which ranked
till 1803 as a free imperial bishopric, owes its foundation to Charlemagne. who Lominated the first bishop in 793. Several diets were held during the middle ages at Paderborn, which at that period ranked as one of the most flourishing of the Hanseatic cities, while it was also numbered among the free imperial cities. In 1G04 it was forcibly deprived by the prince-bishop, Theodore of Fiirstenburg, of many of the special rights end pre rogatives which it had enjoyed since its foundation, and compelled to acknowledge the Roman Catholic as the predominant church, in the place of Protestantism, which had heed established during the time of Luther. In 1803 Paderborn was attached as an hereditary principality to Prussia, and, after being for a time incorporated in the kingdom of Westphalia, was restored to Prussia in 1813, and incorporated in the Westphalian circle of Minden.