PAPAW', Carica Papaya, a South American tree of the natural order Papa gacecc—of which order about 30 species are known—which has now been introduced into many tropical and subtropical countries. It grows to the height of 15-30 ft., with leaves only at the top, where also the fruit grows close to the stein. The leaves are 20-30 in. long. The fruit is of a green color, very similar in appearance to a small melon, and with a somewhat similar flavor. It is eaten either ra:v or boiled. The seeds are round and black, and when chewed, have in it high degree the pungency of cresses. The powdered seeds and the juice of the unripe fruit are most powerful anthelminties. A constituent of this juice is fibrin, otherwise unknown in the vegetable kingdom, except in the fungi. The milky juice of the tree is very acrid. The leaves are used by negroes instead of soap to wash linen. The juice of the fruit and the sap of the tree have time singular property of rendering the toughest meat tender in a short time. Even the exhalations from the tree have this property; and joints of meat, fowls, etc.. are hung among its branches to prepare them for the table. It is a tree of extremely rapid growth, bears fruit all the year, and is exceedingly prolific. The fruit is of:en cooked in various
ways. The Chamburu ((J digitate), another species of the same genus, a native of Brazil, is remarkable for time extremely acrid and poisonous character of its juice, and the dis gusting stercoraceous odor of its flowers. In the middle and southern states of America the name papaw is given to the Ucaria (or Asimin,a) triloba, a small tree of the natural order Anonacece, the fruit of which, a large oval berry, 3 in. long, is eaten by negroes, but not generally relished by others. All parts of the plant have a rank smell.
gable for sea-going vessels, 27 in. s.s.e. of Emden, on Dollart bay, by the Emden and Hanover railway. It originated in a small colony which sprung up here, and was sup ported principally by peat-cutting, an employment for which the fens and moors of the vicinity afford abundant facilities. The town is cleanly built, after the Dutch model: its houses stretch along the banks of the canal. It pos'essed, in '74, 185 ships, and car ries on manufactures of sail-cloth and ropes. Its commerce is considerable. Pop. '73, 6,819.