PAVLIITH, the name given in the Roman Catholic church to one of time ecclesiastical ornaments worn by the pope, by patriarchs, and by archbishops. Its use is held by Roman Catholics to descend from a very early period. It is worn by the pope at all times, as a symbol of his reputed universal and abiding jurisdiction. By archbishops it cannot be worn until it has been solemnly asked for and granted by the pope, and even then only during the solemn service of the great church festivals, and on occasions of the ordination of bishops or of priests, and other similar acts of the archiepiscopal order. The pallium is a narrow annular band of white woolen web, about 3 in. wide, upon which black crosses are embroidered. which encircles the neck of the archbishop, and from which two narrow hands of the same material depend, one falling over the breast, the other over the back of the wearer. Its material is the subject of Much care and cere monial. It is made wholly or in part from the wool of two lambs, which are blessed annually on the festival, and in the church of St. Agnes. During the night of the vigil of the feast-of St. Peter and St. Paul, the pallia made of this wool are placed on the altar above the tomb of these apostles, and on the feast of St. Peter and SVPaul, are deliv ered by the pope to the subileacon, whose duty it is to keep them in charge. Within
three months of his consecration, every new archbishop is obliged to apply to the pope, in person or by proxy, for the podium; nor is it lawful for obliged until he shall have received it, to exercise any act of what is properly archieplscpal, as eontradistinguished from episcopal, jurisdiction. Thus, lie cannot, for example, call a provincial synod. The pallium cannot be transferred from one archbishop to another, but must be received direct from the pope. On the archbishop's death, his pallium is interred with him. Its use is held to symbolize the office of the "good shepherd" bearing the lost sheep on his shoulders, and is connected by some writers with the vesture of the Jewish high-priest in Exod. xxviii. 4. In the incdifeval church, the aranting of the pallium to archbishops was one of the chief occasions of the tribute which was paid by the national churches to the support 'of the great central office and dignity of the papacy. In some sees, as, for instance, those of the great prince-bishops of the Rhine, the tribute, was as much as 20,000 florins. Roman Catholics, however, maintain that this tribute was not a payment for the pallium, hut an offering to the holy see, made on occasion of the grant of that emblem of jurisdiction.