PAPIPELU'NA, or Pamtmo'Na, a fortified city of Spain, capital of Navarre, of which it is tilt: Lev, occupies an eminence not commanded by any neighboring height, on the left bank of the Argil, a tributary of the Ebro, Ill m. n.n,w. of Saragossa by railway, and 200 in. n.n.e. of Madrid. The citadel, overlooking the river and commanding the plain, is a regular pentagon, each side being 1000 ft. in extent, and is connected with the city by an esplanade or glacis. Magnificent views of the Pyrenees on the a. are obtained from the citadel, and there are several very pleasant promenades. The emenea (plain) of Pam peluna is about 30 in. in circumference; and although the climate is somewhat chilly and damp, the gardens are fruitful and the meadows verdant. The city is well built and clean; water is brought from hills about 9 m. distant, by means of an aqueduct built after the solid Roman style by Ventura Rodriguez, and a portion of which, 2,300 ft. in length, is supported on 97 arches, 35 ft. in span and 05 ft. in height. The town contains
a number of squares with fountains, a theater, and the regular plaza de toros—bull arena i—capable, it is said, of containing 10,000 people. Agriculture, the wine trade, and the manufacture of linens and leather are the only noteworthy branches of industry. Pop., before the ruinous Carlist blockade in 1874, about 23;000.
Pampehma was called by the ancient Pompeiopolis, from the circumstance of its hav ing been rebuilt by the sons of Pompey in 08 me. It was taken by the Goths in 460, by the Franks in 542, and again under Charlemagne in '778. It was sub sequently for a time in possession of the Moore, who corrupted the nanie Pompeiopolis into Bainidionah, whence the modern Pamplona. In later times :t was seized by the ..„French in 1808, and held by them till 1813, when it fell into the hands of the allies under the duke of Wellington.