ROWING (BOATING, ante). The history of rowing as a pastime in the colleges of the United States began at Yale in 1843 and at Harvard in 1844, and the first intercolle giate boat-race took place on Aug. 3, 1852, on Lake Winipiseogee, N. H. It was in eight-oared barges, carrying coxswains, over a two-mile course, • and was won by Harvard, being two lengths ahead attire finish. In 1855 Harvard was again victorious over Yale. This race took place on the Connecticut river near Springfield, over a three-mile course. The next race occurred in 1859 at lake Quinsigamond, near Worcester, Mass., between Harvard, Yale, and Brown, in six-oared shells over a three-mile course, and was won by Harvard in 19 minutes and 18 seconds. But on the day following Harvard was beaten by Yale by ,,seconds in a regatta thrown open by the citizens of Worcester. In 1860, in a race over the same course, Harvard won in 18 minutes 53 seconds. The war interrupted these races till 1864, when Yale beat Harvard at lake Quinsigamond, repeating the vie tory in 1865; but was beaten by Harvard over the Rune course five years in succession, 1866-70. In 1868 Harvard rowed the three miles in 17 minutes 48/ seconds, and in 1869 rowed on the Thames against an Oxford four-oared crew and coxswain, but was beaten by 14 length, being compelled on the day of the race to supply the places of two of her best men with substitutes. In 1871 an intercollegiate three mile race took place on the Connecticut river near Springfield between Harvard, Brown, and the Amherst agricul tural crew, and was won by the latter in 16 minutes 47 seconds. In 1872 six colleges participated iu this race, and it was won by Amherst in 16 minutes 33 seconds. In 1873 there were 11 colleges, Yale coming in ahead of all the rest in 16 minutes 50 seconds. In 1874 the intercollegiate race was rowed between 9 colleges on Saratoga lake, and was won by Columbia in 16 minutes 34 seconds. In 1875 there were 10 colleges com peiing, and Cornell won the race in 16 minutes 534 seconds, with Columbia secund, Har vard third. On July 19, 1876, the last of these races took place at Saratoga lake. Only 6 colleges participated, and it was won by Cornell in 17 minutes 14 seconds, with Harvard second, Columbia third. Previous to this Yale and llarvard returned in a meas ure to tee methods of 1854. In their race of that year, which was held June 30, 1876, Yale rowed over the course in 22 minutes 2 seconds, with Harvard 13 lengths behind. In the intercollegiate contest of the centennial regatta at Philadelphia the lace was won by Yale fa 9:10f, with Columbia second, 9:21; the Cambridge crew came in last, having thrown up their oars half a mile from the finish, owing to the illness of their captain. It was rowed Sept. 1 on the Schuylkill, 14 m. from the Falls bridge to Rockland land ing. The international race for four-oared shells was rowed over the same course, and was begun on Aug. 28, 1876. In this race the crews rowed in batches of two and three, there being sewn of these preliminary heats. In the first the Atlantas withdrew, and the Dublin university men were beaten by the Eurekas of Newark, N. J. The winners of the
seven heats and the time made were as follows: Eureka, 9:294; Yale, 9:2f; Columbia, Beaverwyck, 9 : 14; Watkins, 9 : 61; London, 8:5`5; Cambridge, 9: Q. In the three heats of Aug. 29, between the winners of the day previous, the victors were London, 8:514; 'Watkins, 9: 14, and Beaverwyck, 9:7. Yale was beaten only by half a length by the four of the London rowing club (considered the first rowing organization in the world), and made the best time for American four-oared boats in the regatta, 8:52f. The result of the final heat was a great surprise, the Beaverwycks of Albany beating the Loudon crew by a quarter of a length, with Watkins only three lengths behind, in the compara tively slow time of 9.6. This was 141 seconds slower than London, and 131 seconds slower than Yale made in their contest the day previous. On Sept. 4 the London won a race against a New York crew over the same course, rounding the stake-boats, and returning to the start, making a distance of three miles. The time of London was 18:214; New York, 18:37. In a second race on the same day the Paris crew of St. John's, N. B., who won the championship of the world on the Seine in 1867, were badly beaten by a raw crew of Halifax fishermen, who rowed over the same course in 17:58. In 1877 Harvard won a race against Columbia, and in the four-mile race at New London Harvard won in 24:36; Yale, 24:43. In 1878, over the same course, Harvard won in 20:44; Yale, 21:29, but was beaten at Lake Owasso by Cornell, 17:13f: Har vard, 17:274. In the same year Columbia sent a crew to England to compete for the Visi tors' challenge cup, consisting of J. T. Goodwin, C. Edson, H. E. Fidahock, R E. Sage, and Mr. Eldridge as substitute. The Shoewaecaemettes, a Michigan crew, crossed the ocean to compete for the Steward's challenge cup. On the first day each American crew won a heat. In the final heat for the Visitors' challenge cup on July 5, 1878, the Co lumbia crew won easily in 8:41; but the Michigan crew wits beaten by the London row ing club in 8:26, the Shoewaememettes being compelled to slop before the finish, on account of the sickness of Joseph Nadeau. In 1879 Columbia won the college regatta at lake George, but was beaten at Philadelphia. The race at New London was easily won by Harvard in 22:15. In 1880 Yale won the race over the same course in 24:27; Harvard, 25:9. Tic second annual regatta on the Schuylkill river was won by Co lumbia in 9 :44 against thecrews of Princeton and the university of Pennsylvania; but the two-mile freshman race at New London was won by Harvard in 11:32; Columbia, 11:37. The Atlanta boat club was organized in 1848, and at the present time there are over 400 rowing organizations in the United States, In 1879 Edward Hanlon beat Elliott on June 16, and Charles Courtney on Oct. 16. In 1880 Haitian beat Courtney in a five-mile race in 36 minutes 46 seconds on May 19, and won a race with James Billy for the same distance in 36 minutes seconds on May 26. He was beaten in a race with Ross June 17, but beat Trickett Nov. 15. Trickett was also beaten 6y Wallace Ross Dec. 4.