STANLEY, HENRY M., American journalist, and explorer of Africa, was born in 1841. The place of his birth has been matter of dispute. He became notable as special correspondent of the New York and in that capacity traveled in various parts of the world, accompanying for example . the English expeditions to Abyssinia and Ashantee. But it- was as the "discoverer Livingstone" that Stanley suddenly obtained a world-Wide reputation. Commissioned by the proprietor of his newspaper Stanley started from Zanzibar in April, 1871, and succeeded in meeting Livingstone at Ujiji on Nov. an expedition equipped by English " Livingitone relief commit tees" had failed to accomplish. On his arrival in England in July, 1872, Stanley was received with universal acclamation; but by his subsequent exploration of the lake region of equatorial Africa, and of the Lualaba-Congo (see Comm) in 1874-77 he has placed himself in the front rank of African travelers. Under a joint commission from
the New York herald and the London Daily Telegraph Stanley started from the e. coast of Africa in 1874, circumnavigated the Victoria N'yanza, marched across country to the Albert N'yanza, and then coming s. again examined part of Tanganyika and its outlet toward the Lualaba. From Unyanyembe lie pushed onward 'along the course of the Lualaba, supported by a large party of followers, and frequently having to repel violence by force of arms; and arriving at the mouth of the Congo in Aug., 1877, he proved that those surmises were correct which identified the Congo with the great and many-named river issuing from the lake country s.w. of Tanganyika. Of Stanley's works, 'low I found Livingstone appeared in 1872; My Kalulu in 1872; Coomassie and Magdala in 1874; Through the Dark Continent in 1878.