SIOUX (ante), or DAKOTAS, a race or collection of Indians, inhabiting Dakota, Nebraska, Wyoming. etc. comprising the Santees. Yanktons, Minikonges, Brules, Sis setons, Unkpapas, Ogulaliahs, Aldewakantons, Wahpetons, and Tetons. When found by the French in 1640, near the head-waters of the Mississippi, they were called the Nadowessioux, whence the name Sioux. In 1689 Nicolas Perrot took possession of their country for the French. In wars with the French they were driven down the Mis sissippi and into the plains of the Missouri. Their territory extended from the Mississippi to the Black Hills, and from Devil's hike to the mouth of the Big Sioux. The American board sent, missionaries to the Wahpetons near fort Snelling in 1835, and the Methodists in 1836, who established schools and printed books in their language. In 1837, Sep. 29, the Sioux ceded to the United States all their lands e. of the Mississippi for $300,000, and in 1851 for 3,000,000, all the lands from Otter Tail lake through lake Traverse to the junction of the Big Sioux and the Missouri, comprising 35,000,000 acres, except a reservation of 20 by 140 miles. The government's neglect to perform its treaties led to hostilities, but the
Sioux were defeated by gen. Harney at Little Blue Water, Sep. 3, 1855, and a treaty of peace was concluded. Subsequently their annuities being withheld and frauds practiced upon them, they rose and killed nearly 1000 settlers. They were conquered by gen. Sibley and gen Sully, 1000 were captured and 39 hung. Gold having been discovered in the Black Hills in 1868, the United States wished to purchase the tract, and induce the Indians to emigrate to the Indian territory. In 1S75 Sitting Bull, Red Cloud, and Spot ted Tail visited Washington, but refused to sign a treaty. Much mission work has been done among these Indians. See RIGGS, STEPHEN.