SHERMAN, WILLIAM TEcumsErt, (ante), b. Ohio, 1820; graduated at West Point in 1840, And in the same year was appointed 2d lieut. of the 3d artillery. He was engaged in the Florida war, and in 1847 was sent to California, where he was acting ass't.adjteen. until 1850. In 1853 he resigned from the army and entered the banking business to San i Francisco, afterward removed to New York, practiced law for a time in Kansas, and in 1858 was president of the Louisiana military academy. In 1861 he• went to St. Louis, and was commissioned col. of the 13th regular infantry, and on May 17 of volun teers. He commanded a brigade at Bull Run (July 21); in October took command of the department of the Cumberland; and had charge of a camp of instruction at St. Louis, later and until February, 1862, when he was ordered to the command of the district of Paducah, ,Ky. He fought through the campaign in Mississippi and Tennessee, was wounded at Shiloh, and on May 1 was maj,gen. of volunteers. In December he made an unsuccessful attack on Vicksburg, and was with gen. Grant in the subsequent movement against that stronghold. After the fall of Vicksburg he was made a brig.gen. in the regular army. During the latter part of 1863 he was in Missis sippi and Tennessee; commanded the left wing of the army at Chattanooga; and forced gen. Longstreet i to raise the siege of Knoxville in December. After various movements of importance, including cutting the railroad lines centering at Meridian, Miss., he took command of the military division of the Mississippi in Mar., 1864, and concentrated and organized at Nashville an army comprising 100,000 men, with which he undertook his invasion of Georgia. He fought the confederates tinder gen. Joseph E. Johnston
at Dalton. Resaca. Cassville, Dallas, and in the Kenesaw mountains, from May 12 to the beginning of July, when he occupied Marietta, and defeated gen. Hood, who had superseded Johnston, in several hard-fought battles, winding up his triumphant cam paign Sept. 1, when Atlanta was evacuated after a siege of 40 days; on Aug. 12 he was commissioned maj.gen. in the regular army. Gen. Sherman now rested his army until November, when he undertook the "march to the sea" which has chiefly perpetuated his fame. On Dec. 13 he wss at Savannah, when he stormed fort McAllister and cap tured the city. Making the latter his base for future operations, he marched into South Carolina, capturing Columbia Feb. 17, 1865; Cheraw. Mar. 3; and, continuing into North Carolina, fought battles at Averyshoro and Bentonville, and captured Goldsboro on Mar. 23. He took Raleigh April 13. and on the 26th received the surrender of gen. Joseph E. Johnston at Durham Station. He continued his march to Richmond and Washington, where it concluded May 24. having extended over 2,600 miles. He ‘ras appointed in June to the command of the military division of the Mississippi. On July 25, 1866, he succeeded gen. Grant as lieut.gen.. and. on Grant becoming president, was made gen. of the army, a position which he still holds. In 1871 he made an extended tour through European and oriental countries, being everywhere received with distinc tion. He made his headquarters in Washington after his return, until 1874. when he removed to St. Louis. In 1875 he published Memoirs of General W. T. Sherman, by Himself.