TOUSSAINT, ANNA LOUISA GERTRUDE, one of the most popular living Dutch novel ists, was b. at Alkmaar, Sept. 16, 1812, where her father, a highly esteemed lecturer on chemistry, died in 1859. After the revocation of the edict of Nantes, her paternal ances tors fled from France, and took refuge, first at Henan, and later in Friesland, where they ranked among the nobility, but were reduced in circumstances during the French usurpation. By the mother's side, she is also of a refugee family of the name of Rocquette, belonging to the higher class of merchants and manufacturers. Her first work, Almagro, published in 1837, was well received, and translated into German. Speedily followed De Graaf van Davonetire, an episode in the early life of Elizabeth Tudor; then De Engeleeken to Borne, a historical novel of the times of pope Sixtus V. ; in 1840, the Huis Laurenesse, a story of the reformation, which has gone through several editions, and been translated into German and English. Her popularity was increased by a series of novels in 10 volumes, 1845-55, under the titles of De Graaf van Leycesterr Nederland (The Earl of Leicester in the Netherlands), De Vrouwen van het Leycesterse1i gjdperk (The Women of the Times of Leicester), and Gideon Florentz. Her other works
are numerous, including Cardinal Ximenes, The Duke of Alba in Spain, The Princes Orsini, De Don Abbondio IL, Mother-joy and Mother-grief, The Orphan of Alk maar, The Leyden Student in 1593, The Biography of the Landscape Painter Maria vast Oosterlinfk, etc. Her last work appeared in 1865, in a magazine called The Guide, and next year came out in 2 vols. In 1845 the magistrates of Alkmaar gave her a handsome present, as a token of the high regard of her fellow-citizens. In 1851 she married Johannes Bosboom, a distinguished painter, and has since resided at the Ilacue. Besides other honors, her husband obtained the gold medal at Brussels in 1842, and for paintings of churches, the large gold medal at the Paris exhibition in 1855.