TROY, a city of New York, on the e. bank of the Hudson river, at the head of steamboat navigation and tide-water, 151 m. n. of New York city, and 6 m, n. of Albany. built upon the alluvial flats of the river and hills, called mount Ida, on the e. side. Winants Kill and Poesten Kill, two small streams, having such a series of falls, furnish water-power to mills and factories, besides that given by a dam across the Hudson. At Troy is the principal outlet of the canals connecting the Hudson with lakes Champlain, Ontario, and Erie; and it has railways diverging in all directions, con necting it with New York, Boston, etc. The Union depot, in the center of the city, is one of the largest in America, 60 trains arriving and departing daily. The iron furnaces and manufactories are the largest e. of the Alleghenies, being furnished with the mag netic ores of lake Champlain, and the hematitic ores of western Massachusetts. The coal is brought from Pennsylvania and Maryland. The chief iron-works are those for bar-iron, railway-spikes, nails, locomotives, stoves, hot-air furnaces, hollow ware, machinery, agricultural implements, etc. Other important manufactures are those of railway cars, coaches. omnibuses, cotton and woolen goods, breweries, distilleries, flour, boots and shoes, shirts and collars—the latter employing 6,000 persons, with extensive machinery. There is also the largest manufactory of mathematical instruments in the country. The property which reaches tide-water by the canals centering at Troy, includ ing lumber, is valued at 17,000,000 dollars annually. The city contains 50 churches, public schools with an annual enrolment of 8,000 pupils; the Rensselaer polytechnic institution, with 14 teachers and 170 students; a Roman Catholic seminary; asylums, academics, etc. Troy was settled by the Dutch in 1752, and incorporated as a village in
1801. Three times it has been nearly destroyed by fire; in 1862, the loss amounted to 3,000,000 dollars. Pop. '40, 19,334; '50, 28,7S5; '60, 39,235; '70, 46,465; '75, 48,821.
TROY (ante), a city in the state of New York; pop. '80, 56,747; capital of Rens selaer co. ; at the confluence of the Hudson and Mohawk rivers. Its manufactories are among the most important and prosperous in the country. Here were established the first Bessemer steel-works in America, and its rolling-mills, blast-furnaces, and foundries are enormously productive. It does also the largest business in the manufac ture of shirts and stoves of any city in the United States. It is connected with West by a fine iron bridge, which cost $250,000; and this suburb may be considered practically a portion of the city. Here is the great Watervliet arsenal, which compre hends all the necessary work-shops, and is surrounded by handsome grounds. Here are also a noted bell-foundry, and other considerable industrial establishments. The railroad connections are by the Troy and Boston, the Rensselaer and Saratoga, and the New York Central and Hudson river railroads. Horse railroads connect Troy with the neighboring towns of Cohoes, Lansingburg, and Waterford. Situated on a high bluff, and overlooking the beautiful Cohoes falls, is Oakwood cemetery, beautiful naturally and artificially; here lie the remains of maj.gens. George H. Thomas and John L. Wool. Troy is a well administered city, has a paid fire-departmeut in excellent con dition, with an electric fire alarm; its charitable and educational institutions are numer ous and well-conducted; and its general progress is steady and satisfactory.