TSCHUDI, an ancient and noble family in the Swiss canton of Glarus, several mem bers of which have distinguished themselves as authors, statesmen, and warriors. The two following are the most notable of the Tschudi: GILLES, Oi AEGIDIES (b. 1505, died 1572), who was active on the Catholic bide during the struggles of the reformation in Switzerland, and in consequence was forced for a time to leave his native canton (1562), but was permitted to return two years afterward. He was a prolific writer, not less than 166 works of his, in print or in MS., being known. The most valuable is a Ristory of &razesland (Basel, 2 vols., 1734). See I'm ihgid. 7'schudi'sbtu and Schriften (2 vols., St. Gall, 1805). To the same family belongs JOHANN JAKOB VON TSCHUDI, the eminenttraveler and naturalist, b. at Glarus, July 25,1818. After com pleting his studies at Leyden and Paris, he undertook (1838) a voyage round the world; but circumstances restricted his design to an investigation into the natural history and ethnography of Peru, where he remained for five years. On his return to Europe (1843),
he wished to join the Arctic expedition of sir John Franklin. but was again prevented by circumstances from doing so, and finally settled in Austria. In 1868 be was made Swiss anfbassador at Vienna. Tschudi's principal works are: Peru: Reiseskizzen sus den Jaren (2 vols., St. Gall, 1846); Untersuchungen fiber die Fauna Poltava (St. Gall, 1844-47, with 76 plates); the splendid work, Antiguedades Peruanas (Vien. 1851). executed in conjunction with don Mariano Eduardo de Rivera (Eng. trans. 1854); Pie Kechuasprache (2 vols., Vien. 1853), containing a grammar and dictionary of the Peru vian language; and his Beisen durch S'adavnerika (5 vols., 1868).