BORO BUDDOR (the great Buddha), the ruin of a splendid Buddhist temple in Java, residency Radii, regency Nagelaug, and district Milord', near the junction of the Ello and Progo, is the most elaborate monument of the Buddhist style of architecture any where existing. Buddhism (q.v.) was early introduced into Java, and Javanese chroui cies place the building of B. L. in the beginning of the 7th century. The figure (copied from Fergusson's handbook of Architecture) represents a section through one half, and an elevation of the other half of the building. It is upyramid of asquare form, each sido at the base measuring 600 ft., and consists of seven walls, which arc built like the steps of a stair up a hill. Between the walls are narrow terraces running round the building. The walls are richly ornamented with statuary. Outside are niches, each of which is occupied by a statue of Buddha, larger than life, seated in the usual attitude, with his legs crossed under the body. The number of these figures is about 400. Between each of these are bass-reliefs, representing the god in the saute attitude, besides architectural ornaments and carvings of all sorts. Below the niches, on the lower story, is an immense bass-relief running round the whole building, scenes from the life of Buddha, and religious subjects. The inner faces of the building are also profusely orna
mented with bass-reliefs, seated figures, and architectural ornaments, carried to an extent unrivaled by any other building in the world. The art of sculpture appearsin Java to have early attained the highest point of excellence. "Above and within the upper square terrace are three circular ones, the outer ornamented with 32, the next with 24, and the upper with 16 small domes, each containing a seated statue of Buddha. which can be seen through the open-work of their roofs. The whole is surmounted by what must be considered as the pagoda (q.v.) itself, which is now empty, its center being occupied only by a sunken chamber 10 ft. deep, meant originally, no doubt, to contain the relic for which this splendid temple was erected." Mr. Fergusson considers that time five lower terraces are copied from and represent a Buddhist vihnra or monastery; and that the niches containing the cross-legged figures were, in the originals, cells, each occu pied by a shaven priest. The structure is thus a compound of a tope (q.v.) with a copy in durable architecture, of the frail cells of a vihara.