BARTH, HEINRICH, PH.D., n.c.L., an enterprising modern African traveler, b. at Ham burg, 19th May 1821, received his education in his native town, and afterwards went to the university of Berlin. In his youth his favorite studies were the Roman and Greek classics and antiquities, along with the geographical sciences. Hence he imbibed a strong desire to explore the shores and countries of the Mediterranean. After visiting Italy and Sicily, he embarked, in 1845, at Marseilles, and from Gibraltar passed over to Tangier in Africa. along the Algerian coast be made excursions into the interior, to Tunis, Tripoli, and Bangazi. On his journey thence to Cairo, be was attacked by a hand of Arab robbers, whom he bravely resisted, but was severely wounded, and lost all his effects and papers. lie afterwards extended his researches into Egypt, Sinai, Palestine, Asia Minor, and Greece. These travels occupied him for nearly three years, and in 1849 lie published, at Berlin, an account of a portion of them in a work entitled Wanderungen durelt die Kilstenlander des Mittelmeeres. On the 8th December of that year he again sailed from Marseilles, having been (along with Dr. Over weg) appointed by the British government scientific companion to Mr. James Richard
son, then charged by the foreign office with a political and commercial mission to cen tral Africa. Starting from Tripoli on the 4th Feb., 1850, Dr. B. and his companions crossed the great desert amid much difficulty and danger. B. soon separated from his friends, and pursued his researches for the most part by himself. Both Mr. Richardson and Dr. Overweg succumbed to the climate, and thenceforward B. was quite alone. Ile did not, however, return disheartened, but continued his explorations, which, when he returned to Tripoli in Sept., 1855, had extended over 24' of lat. and 20° of long., from Tripoli in the n. to Andamawa in the s., and front Bagirmi in the e. to Thnbuctoo in the w., upwards of 12,000 miles. The result of his researches was given to the world in his Travels and Disroverks in Central Africa, 5 vols. (Loud., 1857-1858). Afterwards, he made several journeys in Greece, Turkey, Asia Minor, and other countries on the Medi terranean. Shortly after returning from one of these, he d. at Dresden. Nov. 25, 1865. In 1858, appeared his Reim son Trapezunt dart* die wird!. Raffle lainasiens Scutari; in 18G2, his Sammlung nand Bearbeitung central-afrik. Vocabularien.