BONAPARTF, LOUIS, third brother of Napoleon, was h. Sept. 2, 1778, and was edu cated in the artillery school at Chalons, where he imbibed anti-republican principles. After rising from one honor to another, lie was made king of Holland, 18,06; but, in fact, he was never more than a French governor of Holland, schoolinate to the will of his brother. Amid all the faults which marked his reign, it must be ren:etnhered to his advantage that on several occasions he firmly withstood the demands of France; that he replied to one requisition by saying that, since he had been placed on the throne of Holland, he had ': become a Dutchman ;" that he nobly refused to accept the tend( red crown of Spain; and lastly, that lie did not enrich himself during his reign. After the restoration of the house of (lounge, Louis considered himself free froin all responsibility, and returned to Paris, Jan. 1, 1814, where lie was coldly received by the trnpert r. After living for some years in Rome-where be separated from his wife-he removed in 1826 to Florence, where he lived in retirement. On the escape of his son, Louis Napoleon, from the prison of Ham, the ex-king of Holland was unloved its an invalid to Livorno, where he died July 15, 1846. Louis B. was the writer of several works: Marie, ou lea llollandaises, 1814, a novel, giving some sketches of Dutch manners; ./Jvcsmenia //Rio riques. etc., swr le Gonrerve711C7t de la Hollande (3 vols., Loud. 1821); Histoire do Parlontut Anglak 1820; and a critique on 3I, de Noryins's history cf 1\arokan. Louis B. was married in 1802 to Hortense Beauliarnais, daughter of gen. Beauliarnais (q.v.) by his wife Josephine, afterwards empress of the French., As this marriage was wholly a matter of suhmission to his brother's will, arid pit aside a former engagement, it natu rally ended in unhappiness and separation The amiable and accomplished HoRTENsE EUGENIE BEAPUARNAIS. the adopted daughter of Napoleon, queen of Holland, and countess St. Len, Was born in Paris, April
10, 1783. After the execution of her father, she lived for some time in humble circum stances, until Napoleon's marriage with Josephine. In obedience to the plans of her step-father. she rejected her intended husband, gen. Desaix, and niani«1 Louis B. in 1802. In 1814 she was the only one of till the Na•olconidawho remained in Paris. After the hundred days, she visited Augsburg and Italy, and then fixed her residence at Arenen berg, a mansion in the canton Thurgau, where she lived in retirement. sometimes spending a winter in Italy. In 1931, when her two sons had implicated themselves In the Italian insurrection, the countess traveled in search of them through many dangers, and found the elder deceased, and the younger, the late emperor of the Fiench, ill at a place near Arcona. Returning with her son to Paris, she was pleasantly received by Louis Philippe and by Casimir Perier, but was obliged, in the course of in few weeks, to remove with her son to England. After some stay there, she remove d to her country seat, where slue died, after severe suffering. Oct. 3, 1837, and was buried near the' remains.: of her mother, Josephine, at Ruel, near Paris. She was the authoress La Heine Hortense en Italie, en France, et en Angleterre, pendant Tannic 1831, and wrote several excellent songs. She likewise composed some deservedly popular airs; among others the well-known Partant pour to Syrie, which the late emperor of the .
French, with a delicate union of political tact and filial pride, made the tuitional of France. Of her three sons, the eldest, NAPOLEON Louts CoAntEs, born 1803, died in childhood, Mar. 5, 1907. The second, Louts NArol.FoN, born 1804, crown-prince of Holland, married his cousin Charlotte, daughter of Joseph 13.. and (lied Forb, liar.
F 17, 1831. The third, CHARLES LOUIS NAPOLEON, became emperor of the French. See Louis NAPOLEON.