Besides abundant steam navigation on the rivers and the sound, Connecticut has 21 railroads within or passing through her territory. The principal are the Hartford, Providence, and Fishkill, from Waterbury to Providence, R. I., 1221 m.; New York, New Haven, and Hartford, Springfield, Mass. to New York, 123 m., with branches; New London Northern, from New London to Miller's Falls, Mass., 100 m.; New Haven and Northampton, from New Haven to Williamsburg, Mass., 84 m,; Housatonic, from Bridgeport to Mass. state line, 74 in.; Norwich and from Norwich to Worcester, 591 m. ; Naugatuck, from Naugatuck to Winsted, 561 m.; Boston and New York air line, from New Haven to Willimantic, 50 m.; Shore line, from New Haven to New London, 50 m.; Connecticut from Hartford to New York state line, 662 m.; Connecticut Valley, from Hartford to Fenwick and Saybrook, 461 m.; Shepaug, from Litchfield to Ilawleyville, 321 m.; Danbury and Norwalk, from Danbury to South Norwalk, 24 in.; Connecticut Central, from East Hartford to Mass. state line, 201 m.; and seven roads from 13 m. to 2-i in. long.
The rights of women in Connecticut are well guarded. Real estate acquired by a married woman's services, or conveyed to her fora consideration, may be held for her own use. The husband is trustee of a wife's personal estate, which upon his death falls to her or her devisees, legatees, or heirs, as though she had never been married; and married women may convey by devise the same as single persons, except that a husband (if he have not abandoned her) must unite in conveying by deed. Divorce may be had for fraudulent contract, adultery, desertion, and neglect of duty for three years (the person not heard of), for seven years' habitual intemperance, cruelty, for imprisonment for life, and for certain crimes. The constitution of Connecticut is almost the same as iu other northern states, providing for distinct legislative, executive, and judicial officers. The governor must be 30 years of age, or over; is chosen annually, and is paid a salary of $2,000. His veto may be overcome by a majority in each house. The general assem bly consists of a senate of 21 members, and a house of representatives according to popu lation, districts being changed by the legislature after every federal census. Every town incorporated before 1785 has two members, and every later town one member. Each
member is paid $300 per year. All elections are by ballot, and voters must be citizens 21 years old or over, and able to read any article in the United States constitution. The pardoning power is in the general assembly. The judiciary is a supreme court of errors, consisting of a chief and four judges; a superior court of six judges, together with the five of the court of errors; five courts of common pleas, each with one judge; special courts for certain cities; and justices of the peace. The higher judges are chosen by the assembly for eight years, and are disqualified on reaching 70years of age; salary $4,000. Provision is made in the constitution for free schools, to support which there is an ample fund which was set apart when the state sold her claim to the western reserve in Ohio. Connecticut has four members of congress and six electoral votes. For president, her votes have been: 1789 (7 votes), Washington 7, Adams 5, Samuel Huntington of ,Conn. 2: in 1792 (9 votes), all for Washington and Adams; in 1796, Adams 9, Thomas Pinckney 4. John Jay 5; in 1800, all for Adams andPinckney; in 1804 (when president and vice-president were first separately voted for), Charles C. Pinckney and Rufus King; in 1808, Pinckney and King; in 1812, George Clinton and Jared Ingersoll; in 1816, Rufus King, and for vice-president, James Ross of Pa. 5, and John Marshall of Va. 4; in 1820, Monroe and Tompkins; in 1824 (only 8 votes), J. Q. Adams and Andrew Jackson; in 1828, Adams and Richard Rush; in 1832, Henry Clay and John Sergeant; in 1836, Van Buren and R. M. Johnson; in 1840 (only 6 votes), Harrison and Tyler; in 1844, Clay and Frelinghuysen; in 1848, Taylor and Fillmore; in 1852, Pierce and William R. King; in 1856, Fremont and Dayton; in 1860, Lincoln and Ham lin; in 1864, Lincoln and Johnson; in 1868, Grant and Colfax; in 1872, Grant and Wil son; in 1876, Hayes and Wheeler. The chief officers of the general government from Connecticut have been a secretary of the treasury, two secretaries of war, four post master-generals, one attorney-general, one supreme court justice, three presidents pro tem. of the senate, and one speaker of the house. (For latest statistics, see ArrEsnmx.)