DOCTRINAIRE (a French term derived from doctrine) signifies, properly, the scientific taking up and exposition of a subject, as opposed to a treatment which is merely exter nal, and which rests on accidental characteristics. In general, however, it is used as a term of reproach, to characterize views which are pedantic, schoolmasterly, and unprac tical. In this sense it was applied in France, during the restoration, by the reactionary court-party to the fraction of the parliamentary opposition, who supported scientific doctrines of constitutional liberty against the arbitrary will of the monarch. This party, which had its rallying-point in the salons of the duc de Broglie, was led in the chamber by Royer Collard, and supported in the press and before the public by Guizot, and the younger members of what afterwards became the Orleans party. The develop ment of the constitution on the basis of the charte of Louis XVIII., was the watchword
of those men; but their real inspiration was derived from England. When the revo lution df 1830 occurred, they became the advisers and ministers of the king of the French, and were more deeply imbued with the principles of constitutional monarchy than any other political party that has ever existed in France. The true fathers of the doctrinaires were Mounier, Lally Tollendal, Clermont Tonnerre, Talleyrand, and the abbe 2rlontes quiou; and the cradle of the party was the original coinit4 of the constitution, which, about twenty-five years before, elaborated the charte of 1814, Its later representatives found a center in the court of the exiled queen Marie Amalie at Claremont, and a vigor ous supporter in her gifted son, the due d'Aumale.