GALACZ, an important t. and river-port of MOldavia, the center of the commerce of the whole Roumanian principality, is situated on the left bank of the Danube, about 3 rn. below the point where it is joined by the Sereth, and 82 in. front its mouth. It occupies a slope stretching gently down to the river, and is divided into an old and new town, the former consisting mostly of irregular one-storied houses, the latter built more after the fashion of western Europe. irregular the excep tion of .its churches and the residences of the foreign consuls, G. has no remarkable buildings. But its (lock-yard, its large bazhar, its numerous grain-stores, its maga zines of eastern wares, and its rich banking establishments deserve notice. It is the principal emporium for the various produce of the Roumanian side of the lower Danube, which is brought down to G. from the interior in bullock-carts, and thence shipped to foreign countries. The only cities on the whole of the great river that carry on a more extensive trade are Vienna and Pesth. The chief exports consist of wheat, wheat-flour, Maize, barley, and rye; also of smaller quantities of oats, beans. millet, rape, and• lin seed. Other articles of produce are soft pine timber and planks, oak staves, tallow,
wool, hides, petroleum. spirits, cheese, and salt fish. The increase in the commerce of G. during the last thirty years has been very great.: IA the :total value of the exports amounted to £567,000, and of the imports to £442,000; while in 1874, the exports from G. a=mounted in value to a total of £1,660,401, and the imports to a total of L1,778,426. It is estimated that Great Britain takes about half of the exports, and supplies about a third of the imports. The chief British imports are cotton goods, iron (bars and sheet), coals, coffee, agricultural machinery; and colonial produce, spices, drugs, tea, sugar, etc. In 1874, the number of ships that entered the Danube for G. and the other river-ports of Roumania was 1439, with a burden of 365,525 tons, Great Britain owning more than a third of the tonnage. The pop of G. is estimated at 80,000, and forms a medley of Moldavians, Greeks, Jews, Armenians, Italians, French, English, and Germans. G. is connected by railway with Bucharest (rid Brahilov) and Czernowitz.