GILBERT ISLANDS, a group ou the s.w. coast of the archipelago of Terra del Fuego, offer a good harbor in Doris cove. Another cluster of the same name, com prising 15 coral islands, forms part of the Mulgrave archipelago in the Pacific, between lat. 1° s. and 2° 30 n., and long. 172° and 174° 30' e., and contains a population of 60,000. The two largest are known as Drummond's isle and Knox's isle; the former 30 m. long by rather more than ~k m. broad, the latter 20 m. long. The inhabitants resemble the Malays in appearance, and are divided into three classes—chiefs, landholders, and slaves. The chief, almost the only, cultivated products, are cocoa-nut and the pan danus.
He studied philosophy under Bernard of Chartres, and theology under Anselm and Radulfus of Laon. He lectured first at Chartres, as church teacher, and afterwards at Paris, and in both places acquired great distinction. His reputation led to his being recalled to his native city, of which, in 1141, he was made bishop, but continued none the less a metaphysician, mingling his favorite science with theology, and resorting for proof and illustration, oftener to Aristotle than to the Scriptures or the fathers. His philosophy was realistic and his style obscure, At the council of Rheims, iu 1148, he was accused of holding erroneous views concerning the nature of God. These views
proceeded from the metaphysical notion that pure or abstract being is prior in nature to that which exists or is manifested. This pure being is God, in distinction from the triune God, as existing and known to men. The pure form of being, that by which God is God, must be distinguished from the three persons who are God by participation fa this form. The form or essence is one, the persons or substances are three. It was this drawing of a distinction between divinitas and Deus that led to his arraignment and condemnation by the council. He submitted to their judgment, assented to the propo sitions drawn up as an expression of the true doctrine, and continued afterwards in his diocese, until his death, unmolested and on friendly terms with his former opponents. He wrote many books, some of which have been printed, and others are extant in manu script. His chief logical work, De sex Princiin7s, was regarded in its day with reverence approaching that which Aristotle inspired. It furnished work for numerous commen tators, among whom even Albertus Magnus did not disdain to appear.