GLANDERS is a malignant disease of the equine species, characterized by the appear ance within the nostrils of little holes or ulcers, remarkable for their rugged, inflamed, undermined edges, their .discharge of sticky, greenish, unhealthy pus, their tendency to spread, and their resistance of treatment. The blood of glanderous subjects is deficient in red globules, contains an excess of albumen and fibrine, and in this vitiated and dete is inadequate properly to nourish the body, which consequently becomes weak and wasted. The mucous membranes are also irritable and badly nourished; there is consequently impaired respiration, an obstinate cough, and relaxed bowels. The lymphatic glands and vessels become inflamed, and their swollen state may be distinctly felt about the throat and underneath the jaws, and also in the limbs, where they frequently run on to ulceration, constituting fancy (q.v.). Glanders is pro duced by any cause which interferes with the purity or integrity of the horse's blood, or produces a deteriorated or depraved state of hit system. It has been frequently developed in healthy animals by their breathing for a short time a close, impure atmos phere, and cases of this sort were thus produced amongst the horses of several of our cavalry regiments, whilst being transported in badly-constructed, overcrowded vessels to the Crimea in 1854. Confined, overcrowded, badly ventilated stables are almost
equally injurious, for they prevent the perfect aeration of the blood, and the prompt removal of its organic impurities. Bad feeding, hard work, and such reducing diseases as diabetes and influenza, also rank amongst the causes of glanders. A small portion of the nasal discharge from a glandered horse coming in contact with the abraded skin of man, communicates the loathsome and fatal disease from which so many attendants of horses have died, and government, by the net Vict. 10 and 17, of (late Aug. 14, 1853, very properly compels the immediate destruction of every glandered horse. Whilst oxen and dogs are exempt from it, donkeys suffer generally in the acute form, often dying in eight or ten days. Horses frequently have it in a chronic form, and if well fed and managed, sometimes live and work for years. In the old coaching-clays, some stages were known to be worked by a glandered team, but no animal with glanderous ulcers or discharge should on any account he preservd, for, besides being perfectly incurable, the fatal disease is communicable not only to healthy horses, but also to human beings. See EquncrA.