GORGED. When a lion or other animal has a crown by way of collar round its neck, it is said heraldically to be gorged.
ObRGEI, ARTHUR, gen. commanding-in-chief of the Hungarian army during 1848-49, was born at Topbrcz, in the county of Szepes (Zips), Feb. 5; 1818, and after a thorough military education, got a commission as lieut. in the regiment of Palatine hussars. Finding garrison-life too monotonous, and promotion slow, GOrgei took leave of it, and turned a zealous student of chemistry at Prague. At the outbreak of the revolution, GOrgei hastened to the seat of the first independent Hungarian ministry, offering his services, and was sent to Belgium, where he effected a purchase of arms for the new levies of lionveds. He first exhibited his great military capacity after the rout of the Hungarian army near Schwechat, when he was made a gen., and conducted the retreat that had to be effected with consummate skill and courage. His raw levies had to be kept.together and drilled under the roaring cannon of the enemy; the dis affected officers, many of them foreigners, and addicted to monarchy, to be retained under the revolutionary flag; a commissariat to be organized during fatiguing marches and constant fighting. Perezel's corps was totally dispersed at Moor; government and diet were fleeing towards the Transylvanian frontier, and the dreary wilderness of the Carpathians threatened to become the tomb of all, in the _midst of a winter little less severe than that which destroyed the grand.army of Napoleon I. At the end of Dec. 1848, Hungary seemed to be lost; at the beginning of March, 1849, Gorgei was con certing a plan for driving the enemy out of the country. After Deinbinski's failure as gen.-in-chief, Gorgei was declared the head of the united army corps of the n. (hitherto his own), of the Upper Theiss, under Klapka, and of Szolnok, under Dam janieh. Forty thousand men, the finest army Hungary ever saw; broke forth from behind the Theiss, and drove the Austrians, with bloody losses, from one position to another. The battles of Hatvan, Bitske, Isaszeg, Gtid6116, Vaez, Nagy-Sarlo, were a succession of triumphs. Pesti' was evacuated by the enemy, the siege of Komorn was raised, and before the month of April was over, nothing was left in the enemy's hands except a small strip on the western frontier, and the impregnable fastnesses which sur round Tittel on the Lower Theiss. Buda, the ancient capital of the realm, well fortified
and garrisoned, was to be stormed, and for this the victorious campaign had to be inter rupted. The delay was fatal. Russian armies hastened to the rescue of Austria, and regiments of veterans was dispatched by Madetzky, the war in Italy being nearly over. The fortress of Buda was carried on May 21, but the flower of the Hungarian infantry was buried among its ruins. In the latter part of June, the Austro-Russian army, under Haynau and Panjutine, beat Gorgei near Zsigard; and the affair at GyOr (Raab) resulted in the retreat of the Hungarians close to the walls of the fortress of Komorn. On July 2, a bloody battle was fought near Sziiny, where Gorgei gave proofs indomitable courage. On July 16, a desperate fight took place in and near Vficz between Russians and Hungarians. Gorgei, after some weeks, arrived in the neighborhood of Arad with an army decimated by continual fighting, by heavy marches, and by dysentery. At Debreczin the corps of Nagy-Stindor was sacrificed in order to allow an agonizing march of a few days. On Aug. 9, the lower army, under Dembinski, was annihilated in the battle of Temesvar, and on the 10th, Giirgei was declared dictator by a council held in the fortress of Arad, under the presidency of Kossuth. But further resistance on the part of the Hungarians was now hopeless, and on the 13th Gorgei's army surrendered at Vilagos to prince Paskiewitch, com. in-chief of the Russian forces. This.surrender has been often imputed as treachery to Gorgei. Whether such an imputation is excusable, may he best judged from the circumstance, that.on the day of surrendering Gorgei had 24,000 men with 140 cannon, and that five armies, with more than 200,000 men and 1,000 cannon, were closing upon him from different directions. GOrgei was confined to Klagenfurt, whence he was released on parole, and engaged. in chemical studies. In 1852 he published a work at Leipsic (a translation of which appeared at London in the same Tear), under the title, Mein Leben und Wirken in Ungarn in den Jaltren 1848 und 1849; and in 1869 Hungary in 1849 and after 1866.