GHO'GRA, or GIIAGRA, one of the largest affluents of the Ganges, joins that river from the left in lat. 25° 46' n., and long. 84° 40' e., after a generally s.e. course of 600 miles. It rises in lat. 30° 28' n.. and long. 80° 40' e., on the southern declivity of a monntain range, which separates the district of Kumaon from s.w. Thibet. The actual source, being between 17,000 and 18,000 ft. above the sea, is hidden under perpetual snows at every season, while in winter it can scarcely be said to flow at all. Throughout the first 50 m., the torrent, tumbling as it does down deep gorges, is in many places entirely con cealed by glaciers. After receiving many tributaries on both sides, it enters the great plain of Hindustan in lat. 29° 6' n., and long. 80° 13' e., being now, after a run of 148 m., 798 ft. above the sea. Here it has been estimated to be about two-thirds of the size of Ganges at the corresponding point of Hurdwar. Hitherto it has generally formed the boundary between Kumaon and Nepal. Before the Ghogra has descended 73m further,
it has become navigable for craft of considerable burden. Further down, it is practica ble for boats of all sizes at every season, but is here and there beset by dangerous and intricate shoals. Like other great rivers traversing alluvial tracts (see GANGES), it sends off lateral water-courses, which in the rainy season communicate with the parent-flood and with each other. The principal auxiliaries, to take them in order, are the Kalipani on the left.; the Dhouli, on the right; the Gorigunga, also on the right; the Chumalea, on the left; the western Surju, on the right; the Lohogatalu, on the right; the Ladhia the last of its hill-tributaries, also on the right; the Kurnalli, on the left; the united Chonka and Woel, on the right; the eastern Surju, on the left; and finally, the Rapti, also on the left.