GUYOT, ARNOLD HENRY, MELD., LL.D. ; b. in Switzerland, 1807; educated at Neuf chatel, Stuttgart, Carlsruhe, and the university of Berlin. At Carlsruhe was established the friendship with Agassiz, which influenced his whole subsequent career. Ile studied theology, but his natural taste and associations led him to devote himself to physical science. In 1835 he took the degree of PII D. in the university of Berlin, and pro ceeded to Paris, where he spent five years in severe study, making scientific tours dur ing the summers in France, Belgium, Holland, and Italy. His investigations at this time and subsequently, in relation to glaciers, were of great interest and importance. From 1839 to 1848 he was professor of history and physical geography in the academy or university of Neufchatel. In 1848 a political revolution broke up the academy, and Aftassiz, who had already emigrated to the United States, induced Guyot to follow him thither. He resided for several years at Cambridge, Massachusetts. In the winter of 1848-9 he delivered a course of lectures in French, on The Relations between Physical Geogrelphy and History, at Boston, which was translated by prof. Felton, and published under the title of The Earth and Man. He was next employed by the Massachusetts
board of education to instruct the teachers in normal schools and teachers' institute in the best method of teaching geography; and subsequently by the Smithsonian institu tion to investigate the physical structure and elevation of the Alleghany system of mountains. In 1855 he was appointed professor of physical geography in the college of New Jersey. Besides delivering courses of scientific lectures, and contributing to periodicals, he has published a series of geographical works, including P a rimry Geog raphy, Intermediate Geography, and Physical Geography, with a set of large wall maps. With president Barnard of Columbia college, he edited Johnson's Universal Cyclopadia. Guyot was the first to show the precise height of Mt. Washington, of the Green moun tains, and of the Black mountains in North Carolina. Among his works are Cosmogony of the Bible, The Unity of the System of Life, the true Foundation of the Classification of Plants and Animals, and Man Primeval, all in the form of lectures, but subsequently published.