HAUTE-VIENNE. See VIENNE, HAUTE, ante. HAUT-RHIN. See RUIN, HAuT, ante.
HAiiY, REN1 JUST, a celebrated French mineralogist, was b. at St. Just, in Picardy, Feb. 28, 1743, studied for the church. and took priest's orders. His attention was turned at a comparatively early period of his life to botany, but it was not until lie was 38 years of age that, in consequence of accidentally hearing Daubenton lecture on the subject in the jardin des plantes. he commenced the study of mineralogy. Linnaeus had already shown that the regular form of crystals is due to the action of forces winch obey definite laws, and Rome de Lisle lied ascertained that the mingles are con stant in different crystals of the same variety; but the true laws of crystallization remained unknown until Hany was led to their discovery by a fortunate accident. See his memoirs on crystallography and mineralogy, amounting to about 100, published between 1782 and 1821. (For their titles and dates, see Poggendorff's Biog. Liter. Iland,e5rterbuch, pp. 1088 to 1040). His most important works are his Traite de .111:ner al•7ie (Paris, 1801. 4 vols. with atlas), of which a second edition appeared i» 1522-23;
Traitel .Elenmentaire de Physique (Paris, 1804, 2 vols.), of which a third edition appeared in 1821: 7'rait4 des Characteres Physiques des Pierres Preeieuses, 1817; and Traire de Orystallographie, in 2 vols.. with a volume of plates, in He was also a contributor to the Eneyelope.die the.Dietionnaira &Best shat. Hartys narrow escape during the revolution has been already noticed in the memoir of Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (q.v.). In 1793 he was appointed ou the commission of'weights and measures; in 1794, conservator of the cabinet des mines; in 1795, teacher of physics at the normal school; and finally, in 1802, he was appointed professor of mineralogy in the museum of natural history and in the faculty of sciences. He was an honorary canon of Notre-Dame, and is, in consequence, generally known as the abbe Harty. He died m 1822, leaving no wealth beyond the collection on which he had based his great discoveries, and which is now preserved in the jardin des plantes.