HUXLEY, THOMAS HENRY, naturalist and comparative anatomist, b. at Ealing, Middlesex, in 1825, was educated at the school in that town, and afterwards studied medicine in the medical school of Charing Cross hospital. In 1846 he entered the medical service of the royal navy, and did duty at Haslar, under the late sir John Richardson, until the winter of the same year, when he was appointed assistant surgeon on board the Rattlesnake. This vessel, commanded by capt. Owen Stanley, was commissioned to survey the intricate passage within the Barrier Reef skirting the eastern shores of Australia, and to explore the sea lying between the northern end of that reef and New Guinea and the Louisiade archipelago. Imbued with a passion for natural history, Mr. Huxley devoted himself with zeal and intelligence to the study of the numerous marine animals collected from time to time during the survey, and made them the subjects of scientific papers, which 'he sent Wine, diffident as to their value. They were published, however, by the royal society and the Linnxan society, and made their author known, while yet a young man, to the naturalists of Europe. Towards the end of 1850, the Rattlesnake returned to England, and Mr. Huxley had the gratification to find that his paper On the Anatomy and Affinities of the Family of the Medusa had been published in the Philosophical Transactions. Thus encouraged, he set to work to arrange his large accumulation of facts and observations, with a hope (which was disappointed) that the admiralty would contribute towards the cost of their publi cation. In 1851 papers on other branches of the same subject were printed in the Philosophical Transactions; and in the same year Mr. Huxley was elected a fellow of the royal society. In 1852 one of the two royal medals annually given by the society was awarded to him, in recognition of the scientific value of the papers above referred to. In those papers, much light was thrown on the structure of a number of animals before unknown, or but little known, to British naturalists. In 1854 Mr. Huxley was appointed professor of natural history in the royal school of trines, in place of prof. Edward Forbes, and, among his lectures in that institution, has delivered courses to working-men with beneficial results. In 1857, jointly with Dr. Tyndall, be wrote a paper, Observations on Glaciers, which was printed in the Philosophical Transactions; and in the following year he delivered the royal society's Croonian lecture, On the Theory of the Vertebrate Skull, in which a highly important anatomical question was discussed.
In 1859 his large work on The Oceanic Itydrozoa; a Description of the Calycophom'ida and Physopho•icks observed during his voyage, was published by the Ray society with illus trative plates. He has since published papers on the glyptodon, and the osteology of that genus; and in papers on the 'nausea, has shown that those animals have a common type or plan, similarly to the aunulosa and vertebrate. Mr. Huxley contributed largely to the English Cyclopeedia; and papers by him have appeared in the journals of the royal, the Linnwan, the geological, the zoological, and other learned societies. Man's Place in Nature appeared in 1863; Lectures on Comparative Anatomy, in 1864; Lessons in Elementary Physiology, in 1866; An Introduction to the Classification of Animals, in 1869; Lay Sermons, Addresses, and Reviews, in 1870; Critiques and Addresses, in 1873; American Addresses and Physiography in 1877; and a short work on Hume in 1870. Prof. Huxley was a member of the London school board till 1872. Ile is professor of natural history in the royal school of mines, and Hunterian professor of anatomy to the royal college of surgeons; an LL.D. of Edinburgh; and was in 1872 elected rector of Aberdeen university.
HUY, a strongly fortified t. of Belgium, in the province of Liege, is romantically situated amid lofty rocks on both banks of the Meuse, and in the immediate neighbor hood of the finest scenery of that river, 17 m. s.w. of Liege. Its citadel, the works of which are partly excavated in the solid rock, commands the passage of the river. The church of Notre Dame, a graceful Gothic edifice, was begun in 1311. In the vicinity are iron-works and coal-mines, in the products of which the inhabitants carry on a lively trade by means of the Liege and-Namur railway. The principal manufactures are paper, leather,. zinc, beer, spirits, and an inferior kind of wine. Pop. '70, about 11,000.
Peter the hermit, on his return from the first crusade, founded here the former abbey of Neufmoustier (Norum Monasterium), and was himself interred within it. Huy has been frequently taken during the wars, of which this region has been the seat. It was last captured by Marlborough and Coehoorn in 1703.