LEROY DE SAINT ARNAUD, JACQUES, a French marshal of the second empire, was b. at Paris, Aug. 20, 1801, entered the army in 1816, but found it necessary more than once to leave it, so that, in 1831, after a lapse of fifteen years, he was only a lieu tenant. Iu 1837 he was appointed captain of the foreign legion, and first rose to emi nence in the African wars. The valor he exhibited at the siege of Constantine won him the cross of the legion of honor. In 1840 he became a chef de bataillon; in 1842 a lieut. col.; and in 1844 a colonel. During the rising of the desert tribes under Bou-Maza, col. Leroy de Saint Arnaud signalized himself at the head of , the column placed under his orders, reduced the Dahra to subjection, and made Bou-Maza a prisoner. On the termination of the campaign he was promoted to be a commander of the legion of honor. In 1847 he was raised to the rank of a field-marshal; and in the early part of 1851 carried on a bloody but successful warfare with the Kabyles. He was now appointed a
general of division. At this period Louis Napoleon was plottimg the overthrow of the republic, and was on the look-out for resolute and unscrupulous accomplices; and accordingly, about the beginning of autumn, Leroy de Saint Arnaud appeared in Paris, and was immediately appointed to the command of the second division of the city forces. On Oct. 26 he became war minister, and took an active part in the coup d'etat of Dcc. 2, and the subsequent massacres at the barricades. On the breaking out of the Crimean war in 1854 he was intrusted with the command of the French forces, and co-operated with lord Raglan in the battle of the Alma, Sept. 20. He died nine days afterwards, the victim of an incurable disease.