KINGSTON, a city in the Canadian province of Ontario, lies in lat. 44° 8' 30", long. 76° 30' 1", on the 'Le. shore of lake Ontario, at the mouth of the Cataraqui and of the bay of Quints, where the waters of the Canadian lakes issue into the St. Lawrence. It is distant from Montreal 198 m..; from Toronto, 165; and from New York, 274. A gathering-place of old to the neighboring Indian tribes, occupied by a French fort from 1673 till 1758, it began to be settled by the British about 1783, was laid out in 1793, was incorporated as a town in 1838, and as a city in 1846. On the union of the two Cana alas, in 1840, the seat of government was established at •Kingston, but was removed again in 1845. The city has, in consequence, grown more slowly than many others in the new world, but it numbers already among its buildings some of the finest in Canada. Its harbor, sheltered by Wolfe and Garden islands, which lie 2 or 3 m. off, lined with a row of about 20 wharfs, furnished with a grain elevator capable of unloading 3,000 bush. per hour, is always busy, while navigation is open, especially with the transship ment of cargoes between the vessels which ply on the lakes and those of the St. Law rence and the Rideau canal. The ship-building of Kingston is second in Canada only to that of Quebec. The Canadian Engine and Machinery company manufactures rail way rolling-stock on the most approved principles. Besides it there are several large
foundries for the manufacture of engines, locomotive and stationary, of agricultural implements, edge-tools, axles, nails, etc. There are also large tanneries andlireweries. Besides 'its outlets by water, Kingston communicates with all parts of the country by the Grand Trunk railway, which passes within 2 m. of the city, and was in 1863 con nected with it by a branch line: Next to Quebec and Halifax, Kingston is the most important military position in British America. Queen's university and college at Kingston, incorporated by royal charter in 1841, for the education of a Presbyterian ministry, has since instituted the additional faculties of law and medicine, is now equipped with 11 professors and lecturers, and attended by an average of 150 students. There are also a Roman Catholic institution, called Regiopolis college, the county grammar school, and the common schools, besides several private academies. In 1862 Kingston became the seat of the new English bishopric of Ontario. Its population in 1871 was 12,407, who return one member to the 'provincial parliament. The value of the yearly exports and imports for 1872 was: exports, $1,435,400; imports, $7,923,387.